Department of Occupational Medicine, Local Health Authority, Lecce, Italy.
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Pharmacol Rep. 2022 Dec;74(6):1286-1295. doi: 10.1007/s43440-022-00433-5. Epub 2022 Nov 14.
Long-term effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are increasingly recognized as having a significant impact on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Understanding HRQoL status for each patient affected by long COVID-19 and its determinants may have a key role to prevent and treat this condition.
In this prospective observational study conducted in a large academic COVID-19 hospital in Rome, participants were contacted 2 years after hospital admission for severe COVID-19. To assess HRQoL, EQ-5D-5L and Visual analog scale (EQ VAS) standard questionnaires were administered by interview. Logistic regression model was used to the five health dimensions as dependent variables (0 = no problem, 1 = some/extreme problem).
In 137 enrolled patients, the mean pre-COVID and post-COVID EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS score were 0.97 (SD 0.06), 0.79 (SD 0.26) and 72.38 (SD 15.18), respectively. After subdivision of the participants for clinical and social variables, the EQ-5D-5L index resulted significantly lower than in the pre-COVID-19 period. Female gender, unemployed status, and chronic comorbidities were the most common predictors for having any problems in each EQ-5D-5L domain, while also older age and higher Body Mass Index (BMI) showed to be related to a lower EQ-VAS score.
HRQoL showed to be still low in patients 2 years after acute severe COVID-19. Given the significant impact of SARS-CoV-2 on long-term chronic symptoms, predictors of poor outcomes must be considered during the acute phase of illness to plan a tailored follow-up path for each patient.
越来越多的人认识到，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的长期影响对健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）有重大影响。了解受长期 COVID-19 影响的每位患者的 HRQoL 状况及其决定因素，可能对预防和治疗这种疾病具有关键作用。
在罗马的一家大型学术 COVID-19 医院进行的这项前瞻性观察研究中，在 COVID-19 住院 2 年后联系参与者。为了评估 HRQoL，通过访谈给予 EQ-5D-5L 和视觉模拟量表（EQ VAS）标准问卷。使用逻辑回归模型将五个健康维度作为因变量（0=无问题，1=有一些/严重问题）。
在纳入的 137 名患者中，COVID-19 前和 COVID-19 后 EQ-5D-5L 指数和 EQ-VAS 评分的平均值分别为 0.97（SD 0.06）、0.79（SD 0.26）和 72.38（SD 15.18）。根据临床和社会变量对参与者进行细分后，EQ-5D-5L 指数显著低于 COVID-19 前。女性、失业状态和慢性合并症是每个 EQ-5D-5L 领域出现任何问题的最常见预测因素，而年龄较大和体重指数（BMI）较高也与 EQ-VAS 评分较低有关。
在 COVID-19 急性重症 2 年后，患者的 HRQoL 仍然较低。鉴于 SARS-CoV-2 对长期慢性症状的重大影响，在疾病的急性阶段必须考虑不良结局的预测因素，为每位患者制定个性化的随访路径。
