Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 31;10:981270. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.981270. eCollection 2022.
Telework has dramatically increased due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the health impacts related to telework have become major concerns. Some studies have shown that telework has both positive and negative impacts. However, during the pandemic, the influence of COVID-19 is too strong to estimate the health effects of telework. Therefore, this scoping review investigated a comprehensive overview of those impacts based on studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic.
We searched keywords related to telework in five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, and Ichu-Shi Web. We included articles written in English and Japanese and published from January 2009 to December 2020. One author extracted data, and four authors were paired into two groups. All authors independently conducted the first and second screening and checked the results in pairs. Any disagreements were resolved by reaching a consensus among all authors. All screening and strategies were performed with the consent of all authors.
Twenty-nine quantitative studies published in 12 countries were extracted. The outcomes included 10 studies on physical and lifestyle outcomes, 25 studies on stress and mental health outcomes, and 13 studies on quality-of-life and wellbeing outcomes. Telework increased sitting time in one study, and two studies showed improvement in behavior, such as reducing smoking or drinking due to telework. While six studies reported subjective stress levels improved by telework, the results for depression, anxiety, and other disorders varied across those studies, and the social or individual factors further complicated the situation.
Telework is potentially associated with a shift to healthier lifestyles but also the potential for inverse correlation to extend sedentary time. Mental stress indicators depend on the social and individual situations, and very few intervention studies on teleworking existed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our review identified a lack of intervention and comparative research on health problems with telework and revealed a need to conduct research with clear comparisons in post-COVID-19 studies.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021203104, identifier: CRD42021203104.
由于 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行，远程办公大幅增加，与远程办公相关的健康影响已成为主要关注点。一些研究表明，远程办公既有积极影响，也有消极影响。然而，在大流行期间，COVID-19 的影响过于强大，以至于无法评估远程办公的健康影响。因此，本范围综述调查了基于 COVID-19 大流行之前进行的研究对这些影响的全面概述。
我们在五个数据库中搜索了与远程办公相关的关键词：PubMed、Scopus、护理与联合健康文献累积索引（CINAHL）、考科蓝图书馆和 Ichu-Shi Web。我们纳入了用英语和日语撰写并于 2009 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月发表的文章。一位作者提取数据，四位作者分为两组。所有作者均独立进行了第一和第二轮筛选，并对结果进行了两两核对。任何分歧均由所有作者达成共识解决。所有筛选和策略均经所有作者同意进行。
共提取了 29 项发表于 12 个国家的定量研究。结果包括 10 项关于身体和生活方式结果的研究、25 项关于压力和心理健康结果的研究以及 13 项关于生活质量和幸福感结果的研究。有一项研究表明远程办公增加了久坐时间，有两项研究表明由于远程办公，行为有所改善，例如减少吸烟或饮酒。虽然有六项研究报告称远程办公可降低主观压力水平，但关于抑郁、焦虑和其他疾病的结果在这些研究中各不相同，社会或个人因素使情况进一步复杂化。
远程办公可能与更健康的生活方式转变有关，但也可能延长久坐时间。精神压力指标取决于社会和个人情况，并且在 COVID-19 大流行之前，几乎没有关于远程办公的干预研究。我们的综述发现，缺乏针对远程办公健康问题的干预和比较研究，并表明需要在后 COVID-19 研究中开展具有明确对照的研究。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021203104，标识符：CRD42021203104。
