Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Nov 1;23(11):3779-3789. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.11.3779.
The aim is to study the trends in gastric cancer (GC) mortality in Kazakhstan.
Data on those who died from GC and on the annual population were obtained from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. A retrospective study was carried out for the period 2009-2018 using descriptive and analytical methods of oncoepidemiology. The extensive, crude and age-specific mortality rates are determined according to the generally accepted methodology used in sanitary statistics.
GC mortality in Kazakhstan is considered to be decreasing. It was determined that during the studied period 19,672 died of this cancer. The mean of death was 67.8 with 95% CI of 67.6 to 68.0. The highest mortality rates per 100,000 in the entire population were found in the age groups 75-79 years (145.9±24.1), 80-84 years (161.0±11.0), and 85+ years (116.5±16.4). Trends in age-related mortality rates had a pronounced tendency to increase in 70-74 years (T=+4.3%, R2=0.1924) and to decrease in the age of up to 30 (T=-8.7%, R2=0.2426). The average annual standardized mortality rate was 13.2 per 100,000, and in trends tended to decrease (T=-5.8%; R2=0.9763). In all regions, there is a decrease in mortality, except for the city of Astana. During categorization mortality rates were determined on the basis of standardized indicators: low - up to 12.9, average - from 12.9 to 15.1, high - above 15.1 per 100,000 for the entire population.
The mortality rates from GC tend to decrease, while the downward trends and the degree of their approximation are expressed in almost all regions. The study of regional mortality has theoretical and practical significance for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of early detection and treatment. Health authorities should take into account the results obtained when organizing antitumor measures.
研究哈萨克斯坦胃癌（GC）死亡率的趋势。
从哈萨克斯坦战略规划和改革署国家统计局获得 GC 死亡人数和年度人口数据。使用肿瘤流行病学的描述性和分析方法对 2009-2018 年期间进行了回顾性研究。根据卫生统计中使用的公认方法，确定广泛的、粗的和特定年龄的死亡率。
哈萨克斯坦的 GC 死亡率被认为呈下降趋势。研究期间共 19672 人死于这种癌症。平均死亡率为 67.8，95%CI 为 67.6 至 68.0。整个人群中每 10 万人死亡率最高的年龄组为 75-79 岁（145.9±24.1）、80-84 岁（161.0±11.0）和 85 岁以上（116.5±16.4）。与年龄相关的死亡率趋势在 70-74 岁时呈现出明显的上升趋势（T=+4.3%，R2=0.1924），而在 30 岁以下时则呈下降趋势（T=-8.7%，R2=0.2426）。平均年标准化死亡率为每 10 万人 13.2，呈下降趋势（T=-5.8%，R2=0.9763）。除阿斯塔纳市外，所有地区的死亡率均下降。在分类中，死亡率是根据标准化指标确定的：低-低至 12.9、中-12.9 至 15.1、高-高至 15.1 以上每 10 万人。
GC 的死亡率呈下降趋势，而下降趋势及其接近程度在几乎所有地区都有所体现。对区域死亡率的研究对于监测和评估早期发现和治疗的效果具有理论和实际意义。卫生当局在组织抗肿瘤措施时应考虑到所获得的结果。
