Zhen Junai, Yuan Xueli, Tao Liping, Zhang Huidan, Ren Yijun, Xie Shengbin, Wang Libo, Shen Hua, Chen Yuqing
Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, China.
Dafeng National Nature Reserve, Yancheng 224100, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Nov 30;12(23):3366. doi: 10.3390/ani12233366.
Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases affecting the health of Père David's deer (). It is believed that an imbalanced intestinal ecology contributes to the etiology of the condition. However, little is known about how the intestinal ecology changes in these diarrheic animals. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) were used to investigate the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in five Père David's deer with diarrhea. The results showed that when compared with healthy individuals, considerable changes in the gut microbiome were observed in diarrheic animals, including a significant reduction in microbial diversity and gut microbiota composition alterations. Furthermore, the profiles of numerous fecal metabolites were altered in diarrheic individuals, showing large-scale metabolite dysregulation. Among metabolites, acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholine, bile acids, and oxidized lipids were elevated significantly. Constantly, several metabolic pathways were significantly altered. Interestingly, predicted metabolic pathways based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and differential metabolite analysis showed that lipid metabolism, cofactor, and vitamin metabolism were altered in sick animals, indicating microbiota-host crosstalk in these deer. When combined, the results provide the first comprehensive description of an intestinal microbiome and metabolic imbalance in diarrheic Père David's deer, which advances our understanding and potential future treatment of diarrheic animals.
腹泻是影响麋鹿健康的最常见疾病之一。据信，肠道生态失衡是该病病因之一。然而，对于这些腹泻动物的肠道生态如何变化知之甚少。在本研究中，采用16S rRNA基因测序和超高效液相色谱串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）对5只腹泻麋鹿的肠道微生物群和粪便代谢产物进行了研究。结果表明，与健康个体相比，腹泻动物的肠道微生物群发生了显著变化，包括微生物多样性显著降低和肠道微生物群组成改变。此外，腹泻个体的大量粪便代谢产物谱发生了改变，显示出大规模的代谢物失调。在代谢产物中，酰基肉碱、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、胆汁酸和氧化脂质显著升高。同时，几条代谢途径也发生了显著改变。有趣的是，基于16S rRNA基因序列和差异代谢物分析预测的代谢途径表明，患病动物的脂质代谢、辅因子和维生素代谢发生了改变，表明这些麋鹿中微生物与宿主之间存在相互作用。综合来看，这些结果首次全面描述了腹泻麋鹿的肠道微生物群和代谢失衡情况，有助于我们对腹泻动物的理解和未来潜在的治疗。
