Tomsia Marcin, Głaz Małgorzata, Nowicka Joanna, Cieśla Julia, Sosnowski Maciej, Chełmecka Elżbieta
Department of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
Students Scientific Society, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
Toxics. 2022 Dec 19;10(12):800. doi: 10.3390/toxics10120800.
Methanol poisonings caused by drinking industrial alcohol remain a severe problem worldwide. Education on types of alcohol and their harmfulness and legal regulations limiting the industrial alcohol trade seem to be the keys to reducing the number of poisonings. Methanol distribution in different tissues after absorption is not well understood. This research aimed to quantify the methanol and formic acid distribution in body fluids and tissue material in post-mortem samples collected from 19 fatal victims of massive intoxication with industrial alcohol in the Silesia Region (Poland) who died between April and June 2022. The samples were analyzed using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), and correlation coefficients for methanol and formic acid were determined. The results show a wide distribution of methanol and formic acid in human post-mortem biological fluids (blood, urine, vitreous humor, bile, and cerebrospinal fluid) and tissues (muscle, kidney, liver, spleen, lung, and brain). The strongest correlation for methanol concentration in blood and body fluids/tissues was obtained in the cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.997) and for formic acid in muscle tissue (r = 0.931). The obtained results may be a valuable tool in toxicological analysis and improve medical standards of early diagnosis and targeted treatment.
饮用工业酒精导致的甲醇中毒在全球范围内仍然是一个严重问题。关于酒精类型及其危害的教育以及限制工业酒精贸易的法律法规似乎是减少中毒事件数量的关键。甲醇吸收后在不同组织中的分布情况尚不清楚。本研究旨在对2022年4月至6月期间在西里西亚地区（波兰）因大量饮用工业酒精中毒死亡的19名受害者尸检样本中的体液和组织材料中的甲醇和甲酸分布进行量化。使用气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）对样本进行分析，并确定甲醇和甲酸的相关系数。结果表明，甲醇和甲酸在人体尸检生物体液（血液、尿液、玻璃体液、胆汁和脑脊液）和组织（肌肉、肾脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺和大脑）中广泛分布。血液与体液/组织中甲醇浓度的最强相关性出现在脑脊液中（r = 0.997），而肌肉组织中甲酸的相关性最强（r = 0.931）。所获得的结果可能是毒理学分析中的一个有价值的工具，并提高早期诊断和靶向治疗的医疗标准。
