Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Vitória, ES, Brasil.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. London, United Kingdom.
Rev Saude Publica. 2023 Jan 6;56:114. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004651. eCollection 2023.
To estimate the prevalence of psychological, physical, and sexual violence perpetrated against women by their intimate partner (IP) in Quilombola communities located in Espírito Santo State, Brazil.
The data is from a population-based cross-sectional study of Quilombola women conducted from 2017 to 2018. In-person interviews collected information on women's sociodemographic characteristics, behaviors, and their experience of violence perpetrated by their IP. The analysis used chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression.
219 women (94.8% of the invited ones) agreed to participate in the study. 59.0% (95%CI: 5.25-65.5) reported psychological violence; 41% (95%CI: 34.5-47.5) physical violence; and 8.2% (95%CI: 4.6-11.8) sexual violence. Psychological violence was associated with having three or more sexual partners in life, when compared to those who had up to two partners (p = 0,009), and previous violence involving other people outside of family increased the chance of suffering psychological violence by an IP more than nine times (p ≤ 0.001). Regarding physical violence, the association with use of barrier contraception (p = 0.031) and having a partner with other sexual partners (p = 0.024) were protective factors for IP violence. Having 3 or more sexual partners in the last 12 months (p = 0.006), partner using illicit drugs (p = 0,006), and alcoholism in the family (p = 0,001), increased the chance of suffer physical violence by the partner. Sexual violence perpetrated by the IP was associated with miscarriage (p = 0.016), partner using drugs (p = 0.020), and gynecological symptoms (p = 0.045).
These results showed the high frequency of intimate partner violence in Quilombola women and highlight the importance of reducing social and race inequities for interrupting the culture of violence against women.
估计巴西圣埃斯皮里图州夸里姆博拉社区中女性遭受伴侣（IP）实施的心理、身体和性暴力的流行率。
这项基于人群的横断研究数据来自于 2017 年至 2018 年期间对夸里姆博拉女性进行的调查。通过面对面访谈收集了女性社会人口统计学特征、行为以及她们遭受 IP 暴力的经历信息。分析采用了卡方检验和分层逻辑回归。
219 名女性（邀请人数的 94.8%）同意参加研究。59.0%（95%CI：5.25-65.5）报告了心理暴力；41%（95%CI：34.5-47.5）报告了身体暴力；8.2%（95%CI：4.6-11.8）报告了性暴力。与有两个或两个以下性伴侣的女性相比，有三个或更多性伴侣的女性更有可能遭受心理暴力（p=0.009），而与家庭之外的其他人发生的先前暴力事件会使遭受 IP 心理暴力的可能性增加九倍以上（p≤0.001）。关于身体暴力，与使用屏障避孕（p=0.031）和伴侣有其他性伴侣（p=0.024）有关的因素具有保护作用，可以降低 IP 暴力的发生风险。在过去 12 个月中有 3 个或更多性伴侣（p=0.006）、伴侣使用非法药物（p=0.006）和家庭酗酒（p=0.001）会增加遭受伴侣身体暴力的可能性。伴侣实施的性暴力与流产（p=0.016）、伴侣使用毒品（p=0.020）和妇科症状（p=0.045）有关。
这些结果表明，夸里姆博拉女性中 IP 暴力的发生率很高，强调了减少社会和种族不平等的重要性，以打破针对女性的暴力文化。
