Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva . Vitória , ES , Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo . Departamento de Enfermagem . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva e Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Vitória , ES , Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2020 Nov 2;54:97. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002103. eCollection 2020.
To identify the prevalence of violence during pregnancy and the association with the socioeconomic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of pregnant women.
Cross-sectional study in a low-risk maternity hospital in the municipality of Cariacica, Espírito Santo. A total of 330 puerperal women were interviewed from August to October 2017. Information on socioeconomic, behavioral, reproductive and clinical characteristics, as well as life experiences, was collected through a questionnaire. To identify the types of violence, the proper World Health Organization instrument was used. Gross bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed and adjusted for Poisson regression with robust variance.
Prevalence was 16.1% (95%CI 2.5-20.4) for psychological violence, 7.6% (95%CI 5.1-11.0) for physical violence and 2.7% (95%CI 1.4-5.2) for sexual violence. Psychological violence remained associated with age, family income, beginning of sexual life, disease in pregnancy, desire to interrupt pregnancy and number of partners. Physical violence was associated with schooling, beginning of sexual life and disease in pregnancy. Sexual violence remained associated with marital status and desire to interrupt pregnancy (p < 0.05).
Psychological violence by an intimate partner was the most prevalent among pregnant women. Women that were younger, had lower income and less schooling, who started their sexual life before the age of 14 and who wished to interrupt pregnancy, experienced violence more frequently during pregnancy.
确定怀孕期间暴力行为的流行情况及其与孕妇社会经济、行为和临床特征的关系。
这是在圣埃斯皮里图州卡里亚西卡市一家低风险妇产医院进行的横断面研究。2017 年 8 月至 10 月期间共对 330 名产妇进行了访谈。通过问卷调查收集了社会经济、行为、生殖和临床特征以及生活经历方面的信息。为了确定暴力类型，使用了适当的世界卫生组织工具。进行了粗变量和多变量分析，并采用稳健方差的泊松回归进行了调整。
心理暴力的发生率为 16.1%（95%CI 2.5-20.4），身体暴力的发生率为 7.6%（95%CI 5.1-11.0），性暴力的发生率为 2.7%（95%CI 1.4-5.2）。心理暴力与年龄、家庭收入、性开始年龄、孕期疾病、终止妊娠的愿望以及伴侣数量有关。身体暴力与受教育程度、性开始年龄和孕期疾病有关。性暴力仍与婚姻状况和终止妊娠的愿望有关（p<0.05）。
怀孕期间亲密伴侣的心理暴力最为普遍。年龄较小、收入较低和受教育程度较低、14 岁之前开始性生活、希望终止妊娠的女性在怀孕期间更容易遭受暴力。
