Ma Xiaoming, Guo Xian, La Yongfu, Wu Xiaoyun, Chu Min, Bao Pengjia, Yan Ping, Liang Chunnian
Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Foods. 2023 Jan 6;12(2):257. doi: 10.3390/foods12020257.
Yaks () are a critical livestock breed in the plateau region, and changing the feeding system of yaks can significantly improve their growth performance. The effects of different feeding regimes on the growth performance and meat quality of yaks were comprehensively compared here. The transcriptome and proteome of the muscle were determined using RNA-seq and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) techniques. Indoor feeding significantly improved the growth performance (such as the average daily gain and carcass weight) and meat quality characteristics compared with traditional grazing feeding. In the grazing (Group G) vs. in-house fed group (Group HF) comparison, 40 differentially expressed genes/differentially abundant proteins exhibited the same mRNA and protein expression trends. These genes were associated with collagen binding, the lipoxygenase pathway, and the arachidonic acid metabolic process. Parallel reaction monitoring verified whether the TMT results were reliable. Moreover, some pathways, such as the AMPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and fatty acid metabolism, were significantly enriched. These results expand our knowledge about meat quality in yaks and provide practical information and more evidence for further insight into the biological mechanisms underlying meat quality traits.
牦牛是高原地区重要的家畜品种，改变牦牛的饲养方式可显著提高其生长性能。本研究全面比较了不同饲养方式对牦牛生长性能和肉质的影响。采用RNA测序（RNA-seq）和串联质谱标签（TMT）技术测定了牦牛肌肉的转录组和蛋白质组。与传统放牧饲养相比，室内饲养显著提高了牦牛的生长性能（如平均日增重和胴体重）和肉质特性。在放牧组（G组）与室内饲养组（HF组）的比较中，40个差异表达基因/差异丰度蛋白呈现出相同的mRNA和蛋白质表达趋势。这些基因与胶原结合、脂氧合酶途径和花生四烯酸代谢过程相关。平行反应监测验证了TMT结果的可靠性。此外，一些通路，如AMPK信号通路、FoxO信号通路、PPAR信号通路和脂肪酸代谢，显著富集。这些结果扩展了我们对牦牛肉质的认识，并为进一步深入了解肉质性状的生物学机制提供了实用信息和更多证据。
