School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, North Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 10;28(2):701. doi: 10.3390/molecules28020701.
The molecular weight, the triple-helix conformation, the monosaccharide content, the manner of glycosidic linkages, and the polysaccharide conjugates of polysaccharides all affect bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to determine how different molecular weights affected the bioactivity of the polysaccharides (LBPs). By ethanol-graded precipitation and ultrafiltration membrane separation, one oligosaccharide (LBPs-1, 1.912 kDa) and two polysaccharides (LBPs-2, 7.481 kDa; LBPs-3, 46.239 kDa) were obtained from . While the major component of LBPs-1 and LBPs-2 was glucose, the main constituents of LBPs-3 were arabinose, galactose, and glucose. LBPs-2 and LBPs-3 exhibited triple-helix conformations, as evidenced by the Congo red experiment and AFM data. Sugar residues of LBPs-2 and LBPs-3 were elucidated by NMR spectra. The polysaccharides (LBPs-2 and LBPs-3) exhibited much higher antioxidant capacities than oligosaccharide (LBPs-1). LBPs-3 showed higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity than LBPs-2, but a lower capability for scavenging ABTS radicals. In zebrafish, LBPs-2 and LBPs-3 boosted the growth of T-lymphocytes and macrophages, enhanced the immunological response, and mitigated the immune damage generated by VTI. In addition to the molecular weight, the results indicated that the biological activities would be the consequence of various aspects, such as the monosaccharide composition ratio, the chemical composition, and the chemical reaction mechanism.
多糖的分子量、三螺旋构象、单糖含量、糖苷键连接方式以及多糖缀合物都会影响其生物活性。本研究旨在探讨不同分子量对多糖（LBPs）生物活性的影响。通过乙醇分级沉淀和超滤膜分离，从 中得到一种寡糖（LBPs-1，1.912 kDa）和两种多糖（LBPs-2，7.481 kDa；LBPs-3，46.239 kDa）。LBPs-1 和 LBPs-2 的主要成分是葡萄糖，而 LBPs-3 的主要成分是阿拉伯糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖。LBPs-2 和 LBPs-3 具有三螺旋构象，这一点可以通过刚果红实验和 AFM 数据得到证实。通过 NMR 光谱解析了 LBPs-2 和 LBPs-3 的糖残基。与寡糖（LBPs-1）相比，多糖（LBPs-2 和 LBPs-3）具有更高的抗氧化能力。LBPs-3 的氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性均高于 LBPs-2，但清除 ABTS 自由基的能力较低。在斑马鱼中，LBPs-2 和 LBPs-3 可促进 T 淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的生长，增强免疫反应，并减轻 VTI 引起的免疫损伤。除了分子量之外，结果表明生物活性可能是由多种因素共同作用的结果，如单糖组成比例、化学组成和化学反应机制。
