Richter Michael, Schulz Katja, Elflein Tobias, Achterberg Jens, Oļševskis Edvīns, Seržants Mārtiņš, Lamberga Kristīne, Conraths Franz Josef, Sauter-Louis Carola
Department 25, Veterinary Affairs and Food Control, Landesdirektion Sachsen, 01099 Dresden, Germany.
Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Pathogens. 2023 Jan 5;12(1):87. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12010087.
African swine fever (ASF) emerged in Latvia in 2014. In 2020, the virus has been detected in the German federal state, Saxony. In both regions, the virus was probably introduced by infected wild boar coming from affected neighboring countries. As the current ASF control strategy at EU level had not yet been developed at the time of ASF introduction into Latvia, disease control measures in both study areas differed over time. Assessing the course of ASF in Saxony and the implemented control strategies, the first 18 months of the ASF epidemic were epidemiologically compared between Saxony and Latvia. ASF wild boar surveillance data were analyzed and the prevalence of ASF virus-positive wild boar was estimated. For estimating the wild boar density, the numbers of wild boar per km² were calculated for the respective geographical areas. The number of samples collected from hunted wild boar and wild boar found dead was higher in Saxony. The ASF virus prevalence in Latvia was significantly higher than in Saxony, indicating that Saxony has had more time for getting prepared for dealing with an ASF incursion. Experience from other countries and the rapid implementation of new control strategies may have helped Saxony deal with ASF.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）于2014年在拉脱维亚出现。2020年，在德国联邦州萨克森检测到了这种病毒。在这两个地区，病毒可能是由来自受影响邻国的受感染野猪传入的。由于在非洲猪瘟传入拉脱维亚时，欧盟层面尚未制定当前的非洲猪瘟控制策略，两个研究区域的疾病控制措施随时间有所不同。评估萨克森的非洲猪瘟病程及实施的控制策略，对萨克森和拉脱维亚非洲猪瘟疫情的前18个月进行了流行病学比较。分析了非洲猪瘟野猪监测数据，并估算了非洲猪瘟病毒阳性野猪的患病率。为估算野猪密度，计算了各地理区域每平方公里的野猪数量。萨克森从被猎杀的野猪和发现死亡的野猪身上采集的样本数量更多。拉脱维亚的非洲猪瘟病毒患病率明显高于萨克森，这表明萨克森有更多时间为应对非洲猪瘟入侵做准备。其他国家的经验以及新控制策略的迅速实施可能帮助萨克森应对了非洲猪瘟。
