Wu Jiwen, Cai Guoxi, Fan Yi, Arima Kazuhiko, Lin Yulan, Wong Liping, Zhang Zhuo, Yamamoto Taro, Morita Kouichi, Yoshikawa Akira, Lu Yixiao, Aoyagi Kiyoshi
Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jan 11;11(1):157. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010157.
Background: This study aimed to survey the attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and their acceptability among the Japanese public as soon as the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized vaccines and their rollouts started around the world. Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted in Japan between 4 January and 5 March 2021. A questionnaire was administered to evaluate attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines according to demographic characteristics, vaccine characteristics, and vaccine production. Results: A total of 1037 completed responses were received. More than half (63.5%) of the participants responded positively (extremely likely/likely) toward COVID-19 vaccines. The highest acceptance to be vaccinated was discovered among the youngest age group. As expected, participants who had never delayed acceptance or refused the vaccine in their history of vaccination had a significantly higher willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Females (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.99−3.58) and participants who had ever delayed acceptance or refuse the vaccine (OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.42−5.05) had higher odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Participants with a postgraduate degree (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.40−1.00) presented the highest willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19. More than two-thirds (72.9%, 95% CI: 70.4%−75.8%) of the participants did not mind a booster dose required following primary vaccination. A total of 63.2% (95% CI: 60.0%−66.0%) of the participants only accepted a nearly 90% effective or above vaccine at preventing COVID-19. At the same, 86.4% (95% CI: 84.4%−88.4%) of the participants reported only accepting a vaccine with minor side effects. Conclusions: The moderate levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance found in the early phase of the pandemic demonstrate that it is important to improve the implementation of effective management for vaccine promotion and the acceptability of the vaccine to slow or delay transmission.
本研究旨在在美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准新冠疫苗并在全球开始推广后，尽快调查日本公众对新冠疫苗的态度及其可接受性。方法：2021年1月4日至3月5日在日本进行了一项匿名横断面调查。通过问卷调查根据人口统计学特征、疫苗特征和疫苗生产情况来评估对新冠疫苗的态度。结果：共收到1037份完整回复。超过一半（63.5%）的参与者对新冠疫苗给出了积极回应（极有可能/有可能）。在最年轻的年龄组中发现接种意愿最高。不出所料，在其疫苗接种史中从未延迟接种或拒绝接种疫苗的参与者接种新冠疫苗的意愿明显更高（p < 0.001）。女性（OR = 2.66，95%置信区间：1.99 - 3.58）以及曾延迟接种或拒绝接种疫苗的参与者（OR = 3.49，95%置信区间：2.42 - 5.05）对新冠疫苗犹豫的几率更高。拥有研究生学位的参与者接种新冠疫苗的意愿最高（OR = 0.64，95%置信区间：0.40 - 1.00）。超过三分之二（72.9%，95%置信区间：70.4% - 75.8%）的参与者不介意在初次接种后需要接种加强针。共有63.2%（95%置信区间：60.0% - 66.0%）的参与者只接受预防新冠有效性接近90%或更高的疫苗。同时，86.4%（95%置信区间：84.4% - 88.4%）的参与者表示只接受副作用较小的疫苗。结论：在疫情早期发现的对新冠疫苗的中等接受程度表明，改善有效管理疫苗推广的实施情况以及提高疫苗的可接受性对于减缓或延迟传播很重要。
