Formenti Paolo, Piuri Gabriele, Bisatti Roberto, Pinciroli Riccardo, Umbrello Michele
SC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo - Polo Universitario, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy.
Centro Studi e Centro Medico So Wen, Milan, Italy.
J Tradit Complement Med. 2022 Oct 31;13(1):62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.10.005. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Acupuncture is part of a complex medical approach used in China for about 2000 years, known as Traditional Chinese Medicine, whose central assumption is that health occurs when the patterned energy flow throughout the body is balanced. Within this paradigm, acute illness occurs when a major state of imbalance or disruption arises, and the use of acupuncture may help in correcting these imbalances. While the Chinese hospital system often offers the integration of traditional and western medicine, in Europe and the United States this combined approach is infrequently practiced. However, several investigations have consistently shown the effectiveness of acupuncture for different aspects of critical illness. The aim of this systematic review is to increase the clinician's awareness of the current evidence regarding the use of acupuncture for the management of critically ill patients, both alone or as a complement to western medicine. The effects of acupuncture on critical illness, with a particular focus on respiratory function, pain and delirium treatment and prevention, circulatory function, nutritional support, and recovery after acute illness are explored and summarized, and evidence is provided that acupuncture is an acceptable and feasible option for the management of several aspects of critical illness. In addition, we suggest a practical selection of potentially useful acupuncture points in the critical care setting, with indications for simple localization and the correct puncture method.
针灸是中国使用了约2000年的一种复杂医学方法的一部分，这种方法被称为传统中医，其核心假设是当全身有规律的能量流动平衡时，健康状态就会出现。在这一范式中，当出现重大失衡或紊乱状态时就会发生急性疾病，而使用针灸可能有助于纠正这些失衡。虽然中国的医院系统经常提供中西医结合的治疗，但在欧洲和美国，这种联合治疗方法并不常用。然而，多项研究一致表明针灸在危重病的不同方面具有有效性。本系统评价的目的是提高临床医生对当前关于针灸用于治疗危重病患者（单独使用或作为西医补充）证据的认识。探讨并总结了针灸对危重病的影响，特别关注呼吸功能、疼痛及谵妄的治疗与预防、循环功能、营养支持以及急性病后的恢复，并提供证据表明针灸是治疗危重病多个方面的一种可接受且可行的选择。此外，我们建议在重症监护环境中实际选择可能有用的穴位，并给出简单的定位指示和正确的针刺方法。
