Wang Wei, Liu Dan, Wang Yuanyuan, Li Ruili, Liu Jiaojiao, Liu Mingming, Wang Huasong, Li Hongjun
Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Neurosci. 2023 Jan 9;16:985213. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.985213. eCollection 2022.
HIV enters the brain soon after seroconversion and causes HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). However, the pathogenesis of this insidious impairment at an early stage remains unclear.
To explore functional integration and segregation changes at the early stages of HAND, voxel-level indices of regional homogeneity (ReHo), the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) under two different frequency bands (slow-5: 0.01-0.027 Hz; slow-4: 0.027-0.073 Hz) were analyzed.
Ninety-eight people living with HIV (PLWH) and 44 seronegative controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, all PLWHs underwent neuropsychological and daily functioning tests. The main effect of the group and the interaction between the group and frequency band were investigated. Finally, the relationship between the altered indices and the cognitive domains was explored.
A significant group-by-frequency interaction was demonstrated in the right thalamus for ReHo; for VMHC, the interaction was observed in the bilateral precuneus and paracentral gyrus. The Bonferroni test indicated that the alteration of ReHo and VMHC could only be detected in slow-5. PLWH showed significantly reduced ALFF in both the frequency bands in the right occipital gyrus and right calcarine. Moreover, some altered functional integration and segregation indices are related to impaired cognitive function.
People living with HIV displayed aberrant functional integration and segregation at the early stages of HAND, which is linked to cognitive function. The frequency band of slow-5 might be more sensitive for detecting insidious damage at an early stage.
HIV在血清转化后不久即进入大脑，并导致HIV相关神经认知障碍（HAND）。然而，这种早期隐匿性损伤的发病机制仍不清楚。
为了探索HAND早期阶段的功能整合和分离变化，分析了两个不同频段（慢波5：0.01-0.027Hz；慢波4：0.027-0.073Hz）下区域一致性（ReHo）、低频波动幅度（ALFF）和体素镜像同伦连接性（VMHC）的体素水平指标。
98名HIV感染者（PLWH）和44名血清学阴性对照者接受了静息态功能磁共振成像检查。此外，所有PLWH均接受了神经心理学和日常功能测试。研究了组间的主效应以及组与频段之间的相互作用。最后，探讨了改变的指标与认知领域之间的关系。
在右侧丘脑观察到ReHo存在显著的组×频率交互作用；对于VMHC，在双侧楔前叶和中央旁回观察到交互作用。Bonferroni检验表明，仅在慢波5中可检测到ReHo和VMHC的改变。PLWH在右侧枕叶和右侧距状裂的两个频段中均显示ALFF显著降低。此外，一些功能整合和分离指标的改变与认知功能受损有关。
HIV感染者在HAND早期阶段表现出异常的功能整合和分离，这与认知功能有关。慢波5频段可能对早期检测隐匿性损伤更敏感。
