Yin Xin, Jiang Li-Hong
Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Jan 10;9:1041481. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1041481. eCollection 2022.
Cardiovascular diseases rank the highest incidence and mortality worldwide. As the most common type of cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction causes high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, show great potential as a promising cell-free therapy for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, low heart-targeting efficiency and short plasma half-life have hampered the clinical translation of extracellular vesicle therapy. Currently, four major types of strategies aiming at enhancing target efficiency have been developed, including modifying EV surface, suppressing non-target absorption, increasing the uptake efficiency of target cells, and utilizing a hydrogel patch. This presented review summarizes the current research aimed at EV heart targeting and discusses the challenges and opportunities in EV therapy, which will be beneficial for the development of effective heart-targeting strategies.
心血管疾病在全球范围内的发病率和死亡率最高。作为最常见的心血管疾病类型，心肌梗死导致高发病率和死亡率。最近的研究表明，包括外泌体在内的细胞外囊泡作为一种有前途的无细胞疗法用于治疗心肌梗死显示出巨大潜力。然而，低心脏靶向效率和短血浆半衰期阻碍了细胞外囊泡疗法的临床转化。目前，已经开发出四种旨在提高靶向效率的主要策略，包括修饰细胞外囊泡表面、抑制非靶向吸收、提高靶细胞的摄取效率以及利用水凝胶贴片。本综述总结了目前针对细胞外囊泡心脏靶向的研究，并讨论了细胞外囊泡疗法中的挑战和机遇，这将有利于有效心脏靶向策略的发展。
