College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 12;13:1034545. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1034545. eCollection 2022.
Proteins from edible mushrooms have a variety of biological activities. Here, thirteen precious edible mushrooms such as , , and and nine common edible mushrooms such as , , and , etc., from which their proteins were extracted, their composition analyzed and their immunomodulatory activity assessed. Rare mushrooms are a species of edible mushrooms with higher edible value and medicinal value than common edible mushrooms. The results showed that all the different edible mushroom crude proteins increased the proliferation and phagocytosis of mouse macrophages, and we found that these edible mushroom proteins affected the secretion of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide by mouse macrophages. Further studies on cytokines secreted by mouse macrophages showed a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that edible mushroom proteins promote the polarisation of macrophages into classical M1-type macrophages, further demonstrating that edible mushroom proteins enhance immunity. It was also found that the immunomodulatory activity of the precious edible mushroom proteins was significantly higher than that of the common edible mushroom proteins. These results have important implications for the processing and product development of edible mushroom proteins.
食用蘑菇中的蛋白质具有多种生物活性。在这里，我们提取了 13 种珍贵的食用蘑菇，如灵芝、香菇和松茸，以及 9 种常见的食用蘑菇，如金针菇、杏鲍菇和鸡腿菇等，对其成分进行了分析，并评估了其免疫调节活性。珍稀蘑菇是一种比普通食用蘑菇具有更高食用价值和药用价值的食用蘑菇。结果表明，所有不同的食用蘑菇粗蛋白均能促进小鼠巨噬细胞的增殖和吞噬作用，并且我们发现这些食用蘑菇蛋白影响了小鼠巨噬细胞中活性氧和一氧化氮的分泌。进一步研究小鼠巨噬细胞分泌的细胞因子表明，促炎细胞因子显著增加，提示食用蘑菇蛋白促进巨噬细胞向经典 M1 型巨噬细胞极化，进一步证明食用蘑菇蛋白增强了免疫力。还发现，珍贵食用蘑菇蛋白的免疫调节活性明显高于常见食用蘑菇蛋白。这些结果对食用蘑菇蛋白的加工和产品开发具有重要意义。
