Gohar Ibrahim M A, Alyamani Amal, Shafi Manal E, Mohamed Elshaimaa A E, Ghareeb Rehab Y, Desoky Elsayed M, Hasan Mohamed E, Zaitoun Amera F, Abdelsalam Nader R, El-Tarabily Khaled A, Elnahal Ahmed S M
Sugar Crops Research Institute, Department of Sugar Crops Disease and Pests Research, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 11;13:966377. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.966377. eCollection 2022.
Sugar beet productivity is highly constrained by the root-knot nematode (RKN) . Eight sugar beet genotypes were screened under greenhouse conditions for their susceptibility to according to an adapted quantitative scheme for assignment Canto-Saenz's host suitability (resistance) designations (AQSCS). Besides, the degree of susceptibility or tolerance of the examined genotypes was recorded by the modified host-parasite index (MHPI) scale based on yield performance. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was also determined. Sugar beet genotypes have been classified into four categories for their susceptibility or tolerance according to the AQSCS scale. The first category, the moderately resistant (MR) group implies only one variety named SVH 2015, which did not support nematode reproduction (RF≤1), and had less root damage (GI≈2). Second, the tolerant group (T) involving Lilly and Halawa KWS supported fairly high nematode reproduction (RF>1) with relatively plant damage (GI≤2). Whereas the susceptible (S) category involved four varieties, FARIDA, Lammia KWS, Polat, and Capella, which supported nematode reproduction factor (RF>1) with high plant damage (GI>2). The fourth category refers to the highly susceptible (HYS) varieties such as Natura KWS that showed (RF≤1) and very high plant damage (GI>2). However, the MHPI scale showed that Lammia KWS variety was shifted from the (S) category to the (T) category. Results revealed significant differences among genotypes regarding disease severity, yield production, and quality traits. The SVH 2015 variety exhibited the lowest disease index values concerning population density with 800/250 cm soils, RF=2, root damage/gall index (GI=1.8), gall size (GS=2.3), gall area (GA=3.7), damage index (DI=3.4), susceptibility rate (SR=2.4), and MHP index (MHPI=2.5). However, Lammia KWS showed the highest disease index values regarding population density with 8890/250 cm soils, RF= 22.2, GI= 4.8, and SR= 14.1. Meanwhile, Natura KWS the highest GS, GA and MHPI with 7.1, 8 and 20.9, respectively. The lowest DI was achieved by Capella (DI= 6) followed by Lammia KWS (DI= 5.9). For yield production, and quality traits, SVH 2015 exhibited the lowest reductions of sugar yields/beet's root with 11.1%. While Natura KWS had the highest reduction with 79.3%, as well as it showed the highest reduction in quality traits; including sucrose, T.S.S, and purity with 65, 27.3, and 51.9%, respectively. The amino acid alignment and prediction of the DNA sequences revealed the presence of five SNPs among all sugar beet verities.
甜菜的生产力受到根结线虫（RKN）的严重制约。根据一种适用于坎托 - 桑斯宿主适宜性（抗性）指定的定量方案（AQSCS），在温室条件下对八个甜菜基因型进行了对根结线虫的敏感性筛选。此外，基于产量表现，通过改良的宿主 - 寄生虫指数（MHPI）量表记录所检测基因型的敏感或耐受程度。另外，还测定了单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。根据AQSCS量表，甜菜基因型已根据其敏感性或耐受性分为四类。第一类，中抗（MR）组仅包含一个名为SVH 2015的品种，该品种不支持线虫繁殖（繁殖系数RF≤1），且根部损伤较小（病情指数GI≈2）。第二类，耐受组（T）包括Lilly和Halawa KWS，它们支持相当高的线虫繁殖（RF>1），但植株损伤相对较小（GI≤2）。而敏感（S）类别包括四个品种，FARIDA、Lammia KWS、Polat和Capella，它们支持线虫繁殖系数（RF>1）且植株损伤严重（GI>2）。第四类是高感（HYS）品种，如Natura KWS，其表现为（RF≤1）但植株损伤非常严重（GI>2）。然而，MHPI量表显示Lammia KWS品种从（S）类别转变为（T）类别。结果表明，基因型在病情严重程度、产量和品质性状方面存在显著差异。SVH 2015品种在800/250平方厘米土壤线虫种群密度方面表现出最低的病情指数值，RF = 2，根损伤/虫瘿指数（GI = 1.8），虫瘿大小（GS = 2.3），虫瘿面积（GA = 3.7），损伤指数（DI = 3.4），感病率（SR = 2.4）和MHP指数（MHPI = 2.5）。然而，Lammia KWS在8890/250平方厘米土壤线虫种群密度方面表现出最高的病情指数值，RF = 22.2，GI = 4.8，SR = 14.1。同时，Natura KWS的GS、GA和MHPI最高，分别为7.1、8和20.9。Capella实现了最低的DI（DI = 6），其次是Lammia KWS（DI = 5.9）。对于产量和品质性状，SVH 2015表现出最低的甜菜根糖产量降低率，为11.1%。而Natura KWS的降低率最高，为79.3%，并且在品质性状方面表现出最高的降低率；包括蔗糖、总可溶性固形物和纯度，分别降低了65%、27.3%和51.9%。氨基酸比对和DNA序列预测揭示了所有甜菜品种中存在五个SNP。
