Solomon Mamo, Shiferaw Bisrat Zeleke, Tarekegn Tadesse Tsehay, GebreEyesus Fisha Alebel, Mengist Shegaw Tesfa, Mammo Mitiku, Mewahegn Agerie Aynalem, Mengiste Bethelihem Tadesse, Terefe Tamene Fetene
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia.
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Nurs. 2023 Feb 6;9:23779608231153473. doi: 10.1177/23779608231153473. eCollection 2023 Jan-Dec.
Hypertension affects over a billion people worldwide, making it a major public health problem. The problem is significant in both developed and developing countries. However, studies are scarce in developing countries such as Ethiopia.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors at the community level, in South Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study design was employed on a sample of 680 participants in the study from April 1 to June 30, 2022. An interview administer was conducted using a standardized and pretested questionnaire was employed. The Epi data 3.1 versions were used to enter data and then exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. All variables in the multivariable logistic analysis were a candidate with a bi-variable at < .25. The multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine the predictors of hypertension, and the significance level was established with < .05.
There were a total of 635 participants and the response rate was 93.4%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 22.0% [95% CI; 19.1-25.4]. The mean age of the participants was 40.8 ± 12.88 years. Being older age (AOR: 1.95; 95%CI; 1.13-3.36), family history [AOR: 2.65, 95%; CI (1.29-5.45)], eating animal fat [AOR: 0.21, 95%; CI (0.08-0.52)], smoking cigarettes [AOR: 4.06, 95%; CI (2.24-7.36)] and had poor knowledge about hypertension [AOR: 2.69, 95%; CI (1.61-4.49)] were significantly associated with raised blood pressure.
Hypertension was prevalent in one out of every five study participants. Older age, family history of hypertension, animal fat intake, cigarette smoking, and lack of knowledge were found to be significant factors for hypertension. To address the burden of hypertension, health care practitioners should provide broad health education, routine screening, and promotion of recommended lifestyle measures.
高血压影响着全球超过10亿人，使其成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。这个问题在发达国家和发展中国家都很严重。然而，在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家，相关研究却很匮乏。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部社区层面高血压的患病率及其相关因素。
采用横断面研究设计，于2022年4月1日至6月30日对680名研究参与者进行抽样。使用标准化且经过预测试的问卷进行访谈。使用Epi数据3.1版本录入数据，然后导出到SPSS 23版本进行分析。多变量逻辑分析中的所有变量都是双变量分析中P值<0.25的候选变量。进行多变量逻辑回归以确定高血压的预测因素，显著性水平设定为P<0.05。
共有635名参与者，应答率为93.4%。高血压患病率为22.0%[95%置信区间；19.1 - 25.4]。参与者的平均年龄为40.8±12.88岁。年龄较大（调整后比值比：1.95；95%置信区间；1.13 - 3.36）、家族病史[调整后比值比：2.65，95%；置信区间(1.29 - 5.45)]、食用动物脂肪[调整后比值比：0.21，95%；置信区间(0.08 - 0.52)]、吸烟[调整后比值比：4.06，95%；置信区间(2.24 - 7.36)]以及对高血压知识了解不足[调整后比值比：2.69，95%；置信区间(1.61 - 4.49)]与血压升高显著相关。
每五名研究参与者中就有一人患有高血压。年龄较大、有高血压家族病史、摄入动物脂肪、吸烟以及知识缺乏是高血压的重要因素。为应对高血压负担，医疗保健从业者应提供广泛的健康教育、常规筛查，并推广推荐的生活方式措施。
