da Silva Fidalgo Tatiana Kelly, Freitas-Fernandes Liana Bastos, Marques Barbara Bruno Fagundes, de Araújo Caroline Souza, da Silva Bruno Jefferson, Guimarães Taísa Coelho, Fischer Ricardo Guimarães, Tinoco Eduardo Muniz Barretto, Valente Ana Paula
Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil.
National Center for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Medical Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
Metabolites. 2023 Feb 11;13(2):263. doi: 10.3390/metabo13020263.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily infects salivary glands suggesting a change in the saliva metabolite profile; this shift may be used as a monitoring instrument during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study aims to determine the salivary metabolomic profile of patients with and post-SARS-CoV-19 infection. Patients were without (PCR-), with SARS-CoV-2 (PCR+), or post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected, and the H spectra were acquired in a 500 MHz Bruker nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer at 25 °C. They were subjected to multivariate analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), as well as univariate analysis through -tests (SPSS 20.0, IL, USA), with a significance level of < 0.05. A distinction was found when comparing PCR- subjects to those with SARS-CoV-2 infection. When comparing the three groups, the PLS-DA cross-validation presented satisfactory accuracy (ACC = 0.69, R2 = 0.39, Q2 = 0.08). Seventeen metabolites were found in different proportions among the groups. The results suggested the downregulation of major amino acid levels, such as alanine, glutamine, histidine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, and proline in the PCR+ group compared to the PCR- ones. In addition, acetate, valerate, and capronic acid were higher in PCR- patients than in PCR+. Sucrose and butyrate were higher in post-SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to PCR-. In general, a reduction in amino acids was observed in subjects with and post-SARS-CoV-2 disease. The salivary metabolomic strategy NMR-based was able to differentiate between non-infected individuals and those with acute and post-SARS-CoV-19 infection.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒主要感染唾液腺，这表明唾液代谢物谱发生了变化；这种变化可作为SARS-CoV-2感染期间的一种监测手段。本研究旨在确定感染SARS-CoV-2之前和之后患者的唾液代谢组学特征。患者分为未感染（PCR阴性）、感染SARS-CoV-2（PCR阳性）或感染SARS-CoV-2之后。收集未刺激的全唾液，并在25℃下于500兆赫的布鲁克核磁共振光谱仪中获取氢谱。使用主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）进行多变量分析，并通过t检验（SPSS 20.0，美国伊利诺伊州）进行单变量分析，显著性水平为P<0.05。在比较PCR阴性受试者与感染SARS-CoV-2的受试者时发现了差异。在比较三组时，PLS-DA交叉验证显示出令人满意的准确性（ACC = 0.69，R2 = 0.39，Q2 = 0.08）。在各组中发现了17种比例不同的代谢物。结果表明，与PCR阴性组相比，PCR阳性组中主要氨基酸水平如丙氨酸、谷氨酰胺、组氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、苯丙氨酸和脯氨酸下调。此外，PCR阴性患者中的乙酸盐、戊酸盐和己酸高于PCR阳性患者。与PCR阴性组相比，SARS-CoV-2感染后患者中的蔗糖和丁酸盐更高。总体而言，在感染SARS-CoV-2的患者及其康复后患者中观察到氨基酸减少。基于核磁共振的唾液代谢组学策略能够区分未感染个体与急性感染和感染SARS-CoV-2康复后的个体。
