植物中水杨酸生物合成和防御信号的多样性：知识空白和未来机遇。

The diversity of salicylic acid biosynthesis and defense signaling in plants: Knowledge gaps and future opportunities.

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745, Jena, Germany.

Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.

出版信息

Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Apr;72:102349. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102349. Epub 2023 Feb 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102349

PMID:36842224

Abstract

The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) is known to regulate plant immunity against pathogens. Plants synthesize SA via the isochorismate synthase (ICS) pathway or the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) pathway. The ICS pathway has been fully characterized using Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant that exhibits pathogen-inducible SA accumulation. Many species including Populus (poplar) depend instead on the partially understood PAL pathway for constitutive as well as pathogen-stimulated SA synthesis. Diversity of SA-mediated defense is also evident in SA accumulation, redox regulation, and interplay with other hormones like jasmonic acid. This review highlights the contrast between Arabidopsis and poplar, discusses potential drivers of SA diversity in plant defenses, and offers future research directions.

摘要

植物激素水杨酸（SA）被认为可以调节植物对病原体的免疫。植物通过异分支酸合酶（ICS）途径或苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）途径合成 SA。ICS 途径已在拟南芥（模式植物）中得到充分表征，该植物表现出病原体诱导的 SA 积累。许多物种，包括杨树（杨树），则依赖部分了解的 PAL 途径来进行组成型和病原体刺激的 SA 合成。SA 介导的防御的多样性也表现在 SA 积累、氧化还原调节以及与茉莉酸等其他激素的相互作用中。这篇综述强调了拟南芥和杨树之间的差异，讨论了植物防御中 SA 多样性的潜在驱动因素，并提出了未来的研究方向。