National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Nat Hum Behav. 2023 Apr;7(4):596-610. doi: 10.1038/s41562-023-01519-7. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
Does our mood change as time passes? This question is central to behavioural and affective science, yet it remains largely unexamined. To investigate, we intermixed subjective momentary mood ratings into repetitive psychology paradigms. Here we demonstrate that task and rest periods lowered participants' mood, an effect we call 'Mood Drift Over Time'. This finding was replicated in 19 cohorts totalling 28,482 adult and adolescent participants. The drift was relatively large (-13.8% after 7.3 min of rest, Cohen's d = 0.574) and was consistent across cohorts. Behaviour was also impacted: participants were less likely to gamble in a task that followed a rest period. Importantly, the drift slope was inversely related to reward sensitivity. We show that accounting for time using a linear term significantly improves the fit of a computational model of mood. Our work provides conceptual and methodological reasons for researchers to account for time's effects when studying mood and behaviour.
我们的情绪随着时间的推移而变化吗？这个问题是行为和情感科学的核心问题，但尚未得到充分研究。为了研究这个问题，我们将主观的即时情绪评估与重复的心理学范式混合在一起。在这里，我们证明了任务和休息期会降低参与者的情绪，我们称之为“随时间的情绪漂移”。这一发现通过总计 28482 名成年和青少年参与者的 19 个队列得到了复制。漂移相对较大（休息 7.3 分钟后下降 13.8%，Cohen's d=0.574），且在各队列中一致。行为也受到了影响：参与者在休息后进行的任务中不太可能冒险。重要的是，漂移斜率与奖励敏感性呈负相关。我们表明，使用线性项来解释时间可以显著提高情绪计算模型的拟合度。我们的工作为研究情绪和行为的研究人员提供了考虑时间影响的概念和方法学理由。
