Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Viruses. 2023 Jan 30;15(2):392. doi: 10.3390/v15020392.
With technological advancements enabling globalization, the intercontinental transmission of pathogens has become much easier. Respiratory viruses are one such group of pathogens that require constant monitoring since their outbreak leads to massive public health crises, as exemplified by the influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2. To prevent the transmission of these highly contagious viruses, developing prophylactic tools, such as vaccines, is of considerable interest to the scientific community. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are highly sought after as vaccine platforms for their safety and immunogenicity profiles. Although several VLP-based vaccines against hepatitis B and human papillomavirus have been approved for clinical use by the United States Food and Drug Administration, VLP vaccines against the three aforementioned respiratory viruses are lacking. Here, we summarize the most recent progress in pre-clinical and clinical VLP vaccine development. We also outline various strategies that contributed to improving the efficacy of vaccines against each virus and briefly discuss the stability aspect of VLPs that makes it a highly desired vaccine platform.
随着全球化进程中技术的进步，病原体的洲际传播变得更加容易。呼吸道病毒就是这样一组病原体，由于其爆发会导致大规模的公共卫生危机，因此需要持续监测，例如流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）以及最近由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发。为了防止这些高传染性病毒的传播，开发预防工具，如疫苗，是科学界非常关注的问题。病毒样颗粒（VLPs）因其安全性和免疫原性而被广泛用作疫苗平台。尽管已有几种基于 VLP 的乙型肝炎和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗已获得美国食品和药物管理局的临床批准，但针对上述三种呼吸道病毒的 VLP 疫苗仍缺乏。在这里，我们总结了最近在临床前和临床 VLP 疫苗开发方面的进展。我们还概述了有助于提高针对每种病毒的疫苗效力的各种策略，并简要讨论了使 VLPs 成为高度理想的疫苗平台的稳定性方面。
