López-Méndez Tania B, Sánchez-Álvarez Miguel, Trionfetti Flavia, Pedraz José L, Tripodi Marco, Cordani Marco, Strippoli Raffaele, González-Valdivieso Juan
NanoBioCel Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Cell Biosci. 2023 Mar 4;13(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s13578-023-00986-9.
In recent years, progress in nanotechnology provided new tools to treat cancer more effectively. Advances in biomaterials tailored for drug delivery have the potential to overcome the limited selectivity and side effects frequently associated with traditional therapeutic agents. While autophagy is pivotal in determining cell fate and adaptation to different challenges, and despite the fact that it is frequently dysregulated in cancer, antitumor therapeutic strategies leveraging on or targeting this process are scarce. This is due to many reasons, including the very contextual effects of autophagy in cancer, low bioavailability and non-targeted delivery of existing autophagy modulatory compounds. Conjugating the versatile characteristics of nanoparticles with autophagy modulators may render these drugs safer and more effective for cancer treatment. Here, we review current standing questions on the biology of autophagy in tumor progression, and precursory studies and the state-of-the-art in harnessing nanomaterials science to enhance the specificity and therapeutic potential of autophagy modulators.
近年来，纳米技术的进步为更有效地治疗癌症提供了新工具。为药物递送量身定制的生物材料的进展有可能克服传统治疗药物常常具有的选择性有限和副作用问题。虽然自噬在决定细胞命运和适应不同挑战方面起着关键作用，并且尽管事实上它在癌症中经常失调，但利用或靶向这一过程的抗肿瘤治疗策略却很少。这是由许多原因造成的，包括自噬在癌症中的非常情境化的作用、现有自噬调节化合物的低生物利用度和非靶向递送。将纳米颗粒的多功能特性与自噬调节剂结合起来可能会使这些药物在癌症治疗中更安全、更有效。在这里，我们回顾了关于自噬在肿瘤进展中的生物学的当前悬而未决的问题，以及利用纳米材料科学提高自噬调节剂的特异性和治疗潜力的前期研究和最新进展。
