Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Centro Colaborador em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Centro Colaborador em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2023;45:e20220567. doi: 10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0567. Epub 2023 Mar 8.
Consumption of substances has been associated with cognitive impairment. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is an easy-to-apply screening tool used to assess cognitive functions.
To evaluate the cognitive performance of individuals with alcohol (AUD) and/or crack cocaine use disorder (CUD) and polysubstance use using the MMSE and to investigate the impact of substance use profile and the moderation effect of educational level on MMSE performance.
Cross-sectional study with 508 adult male inpatients diagnosed with substance use disorders (245 with AUD, 85 with CUD, and 178 with polysubstance use). Cognitive performance was assessed using the MMSE scale (total and composite scores).
Individuals with AUD had worse total MMSE scores and scored worse for all three MMSE components compared to individuals with polysubstance use (p < 0.001, oral/written language comprehension, p < 0.001, attention/memory, and p = 0.007, motor functions). MMSE scores were positively correlated with educational level (p < 0.017), but were not associated with age, recent drug use, or years of drug use. Educational level moderated the impact of substance use on MMSE performance, especially total score and composite language comprehension score. Individuals with a low educational level (≤ 8 years) had worse performance than those with a high educational level (≥ 9 years), mainly in individuals with AUD (p < 0.001).
Individuals with a low educational level and alcohol use are more prone to present cognitive impairment than crack cocaine users, especially involving language aspects. Better-preserved cognitive function could impact treatment adherence and might guide the decision of therapeutic strategies.
物质消费与认知障碍有关。简易精神状态检查（MMSE）是一种易于应用的筛查工具，用于评估认知功能。
使用 MMSE 评估有酒精（AUD）和/或可卡因使用障碍（CUD）及多种物质使用障碍的个体的认知表现，并探讨物质使用模式的影响以及教育水平的调节作用对 MMSE 表现的影响。
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了 508 名被诊断为物质使用障碍的成年男性住院患者（245 名 AUD 患者、85 名 CUD 患者和 178 名多种物质使用障碍患者）。使用 MMSE 量表（总分和综合评分）评估认知表现。
与多种物质使用者相比，AUD 患者的 MMSE 总分和所有三个 MMSE 分量表的得分（语言理解，<0.001；注意力/记忆，<0.001；运动功能，p=0.007）均更差。MMSE 评分与教育水平呈正相关（p<0.017），但与年龄、近期药物使用或药物使用年限无关。教育水平调节了物质使用对 MMSE 表现的影响，特别是对总分和综合语言理解得分的影响。受教育程度较低（≤8 年）的个体比受教育程度较高（≥9 年）的个体表现更差，主要是在 AUD 患者中（p<0.001）。
受教育程度较低和酒精使用的个体比可卡因使用者更容易出现认知障碍，尤其是在语言方面。认知功能较好可能会影响治疗依从性，并可能指导治疗策略的决策。
