Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 2;24(5):4875. doi: 10.3390/ijms24054875.
Truffles are known worldwide for their peculiar taste, aroma, and nutritious properties, which increase their economic value. However, due to the challenges associated with the natural cultivation of truffles, including cost and time, submerged fermentation has turned out to be a potential alternative. Therefore, in the current study, the cultivation of in submerged fermentation was executed to enhance the production of mycelial biomass, exopolysaccharides (EPSs), and intracellular polysaccharides (IPSs). The mycelial growth and EPS and IPS production was greatly impacted by the choice and concentration of the screened carbon and nitrogen sources. The results showed that sucrose (80 g/L) and yeast extract (20 g/L) yielded maximum mycelial biomass (5.38 ± 0.01 g/L), EPS (0.70 ± 0.02 g/L), and IPS (1.76 ± 0.01 g/L). The time course analysis of truffle growth revealed that the highest growth and EPS and IPS production was observed on the 28th day of the submerged fermentation. Molecular weight analysis performed by the gel permeation chromatography method revealed a high proportion of high-molecular-weight EPS when 20 g/L yeast extract was used as media and the NaOH extraction step was carried out. Moreover, structural analysis of the EPS using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed that the EPS was β-(1-3)-glucan, which is known for its biomedical properties, including anti-cancer and anti-microbial activities. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first FTIR analysis for the structural characterization of β-(1-3)-glucan (EPS) produced from grown in submerged fermentation.
块菌以其独特的味道、香气和营养特性而闻名，这提高了它们的经济价值。然而，由于天然块菌栽培所面临的挑战，包括成本和时间，因此，深层发酵已成为一种潜在的替代方法。因此，在本研究中，进行了深层发酵中 的栽培，以提高菌丝体生物量、胞外多糖（EPSs）和细胞内多糖（IPSs）的产量。筛选出的碳源和氮源的选择和浓度对菌丝体生长以及 EPS 和 IPS 的产生有很大的影响。结果表明，蔗糖（80 g/L）和酵母提取物（20 g/L）可产生最大的菌丝体生物量（5.38 ± 0.01 g/L）、EPS（0.70 ± 0.02 g/L）和 IPS（1.76 ± 0.01 g/L）。块菌生长的时间进程分析表明，在深层发酵的第 28 天，观察到最高的生长和 EPS 和 IPS 的产生。凝胶渗透色谱法进行的分子量分析表明，当以 20 g/L 酵母提取物为培养基并进行 NaOH 提取步骤时，EPS 具有较高比例的高分子量。此外，使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对 EPS 的结构分析证实，EPS 是 β-（1-3）-葡聚糖，其具有生物医学特性，包括抗癌和抗微生物活性。据我们所知，这项研究代表了首次对深层发酵中生产的 β-（1-3）-葡聚糖（EPS）进行 FTIR 结构表征的研究。
