尼日利亚江户零售禽肉中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的流行情况、多重抗生素耐药性和毒力特征。
Prevalence, multiple antibiotic resistance and virulence profile of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in retail poultry meat from Edo, Nigeria.
机构信息
Applied Microbial Processes and Environmental Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Stellenosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
出版信息
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Mar 2;13:1122059. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1122059. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
causes staphylococcal food poisoning and several difficult-to-treat infections. The occurrence and dissemination of methicillin-resistance (MRSA) in Nigeria is crucial and well documented in hospitals. However, findings on MRSA from meat in the country are yet to be adequately reported. The current study determined the prevalence, virulence profile and antibiogram characteristics of MRSA from a raw chicken product from retail outlets within Edo.
METHODS
A total of 368 poultry meat samples were assessed for MRSA using a standard culture-based approach and characterized further using a molecular method. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. The biofilm profile of the isolates was assayed via the crystal violet microtitre-plate method. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes were screened using polymerase chain reaction via specific primers.
RESULTS
Of the samples tested, 110 (29.9%) were positive for MRSA. All the isolates were positive for deoxyribonuclease (DNase), coagulase and beta-hemolysis production. Biofilm profile revealed 27 (24.55%) weak biofilm formers, 18 (16.36%) moderate biofilm formers, and 39 (35.45%) strong biofilm formers. The isolates harboured 2 and ≤17 virulence genes. Enterotoxin gene profiling revealed that 100 (90.9%) isolates harboured one or more genes. Resistance against the tested antibiotics followed the order: tetracycline 64(58.2%), ciprofloxacin 71(64.6%), trimethoprim 71(64.6%) and rifampin 103(93.6%). A total of 89 isolates were multidrug-resistant, while 3 isolates were resistant to all 22 antibiotics tested. The isolates harboured antimicrobial-resistant determinants such as methicillin-resistant gene (A), tetracycline resistance genes (K, L), erythromycin resistance genes (A, C), trimethoprim resistance gene (K). All the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec () IVa and V positive isolates harboured the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene (PVL).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, was resistant to commonly used antibiotics; a concern to public health concerning the transmission of these pathogens after consuming these highlight the significance of antimicrobial and enterotoxigenic monitoring of in food chains.
简介
金黄色葡萄球菌可引起食物中毒和一些难以治疗的感染。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）在尼日利亚的发生和传播在医院中得到了很好的记录和证实。然而，关于该国肉类中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的发现尚未得到充分报告。本研究从埃多州零售点的生鸡肉产品中确定了耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的流行率、毒力谱和抗生素敏感性特征。
方法
使用标准的基于培养的方法评估了 368 份家禽肉样本中是否存在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，并使用分子方法进一步对其进行了表征。使用纸片扩散法测定分离株的抗生素敏感性谱。通过结晶紫微量平板法测定分离株的生物膜特征。通过特定引物的聚合酶链反应筛选毒力和抗生素耐药基因。
结果
在所测试的样本中，110 份（29.9%）为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌阳性。所有分离株均为脱氧核糖核酸酶（DNase）、凝固酶和β-溶血阳性。生物膜特征显示 27 株（24.55%）为弱生物膜形成株，18 株（16.36%）为中度生物膜形成株，39 株（35.45%）为强生物膜形成株。分离株携带 2 个和≤17 个毒力基因。肠毒素基因分析显示，100 株（90.9%）分离株携带一个或多个基因。对测试抗生素的耐药率顺序为：四环素 64（58.2%）、环丙沙星 71（64.6%）、甲氧苄啶 71（64.6%）和利福平 103（93.6%）。共有 89 株为多药耐药株，3 株对 22 种测试抗生素均耐药。分离株携带抗生素耐药决定因子，如耐甲氧西林基因（A）、四环素耐药基因（K、L）、红霉素耐药基因（A、C）、甲氧苄啶耐药基因（K）。所有耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的金黄色葡萄球菌盒染色体 mec（）IVa 和 V 阳性分离株均携带杀白细胞素基因（PVL）。
结论
综上所述，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗生素有耐药性；在食用这些食物后，公众健康对这些病原体传播的关注突显了在食物链中对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌进行抗生素和肠毒素监测的重要性。
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