Shen Dan, Guo Qi, Huang Kai, Mao Weijia, Wang Kai, Zeng Wenjie, Li Yansen, Guo Zhendong, Nagaoka Kentaro, Li Chunmei
Research Centre for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130117, China.
Metabolites. 2023 Feb 28;13(3):363. doi: 10.3390/metabo13030363.
The high concentration of particulate matter (PM) in broiler houses seriously endangers the biological safety of broilers and causes low growth performance, deserving more attention. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PM collected from a broiler house on the lung and systemic inflammatory responses and liver lipid anabolic process in broilers. Broilers were systemically exposed to fresh air (control) and 4 mg·m and 8 mg·m total suspended particles (TSP). Lung, liver, and serum were sampled after 7 (E7) and 14 (E14) days of PM exposure and 7 days after self-recovery (R 7). Corresponding kits were used to assay the inflammatory cytokines and serum biochemical indicators. The expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The results showed a significant decrease in the average daily gain in broilers for 7 days of PM exposure ( < 0.05) and clear lung and liver inflammations in PM groups. In addition, upregulation of lung interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) occurred after 7 days of PM exposure ( < 0.05), and upregulation of lung serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and cholesterol (CHOL) occurred after 14 days of PM exposure ( < 0.05). A decrease in serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) levels was found after 14 days of PM exposure ( < 0.05), and the GSH-px level was maintained until 7 days after cessation of exposure ( < 0.05). Seven days after cessation of exposure, the expression levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 () and fatty acid synthase () genes significantly increased ( < 0.05) and decreased ( < 0.05), respectively. These results demonstrate that exposure to PM in broiler houses can induce systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia through local pulmonary inflammation and also exert toxic effects on the liver by disturbing the expression of genes involved in the hepatic lipid anabolic process.
肉鸡舍内高浓度的颗粒物（PM）严重危及肉鸡的生物安全，并导致生长性能低下，值得更多关注。本研究旨在探讨从肉鸡舍收集的PM对肉鸡肺部和全身炎症反应以及肝脏脂质合成代谢过程的影响。将肉鸡全身暴露于新鲜空气（对照组）以及4 mg·m³和8 mg·m³的总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）中。在PM暴露7天（E7）和14天（E14）后以及自我恢复7天（R 7）后采集肺、肝脏和血清样本。使用相应试剂盒检测炎症细胞因子和血清生化指标。通过实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测脂质代谢相关基因的表达水平。结果显示，PM暴露7天时肉鸡的平均日增重显著降低（P<0.05），且PM组出现明显的肺部和肝脏炎症。此外，PM暴露7天后肺白细胞介素（IL）-1β和IL-8以及血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和甘油三酯（TG）上调（P<0.05），PM暴露14天后肺血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α和胆固醇（CHOL）上调（P<0.05）。PM暴露14天后血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-px）水平降低（P<0.05），且GSH-px水平在暴露停止后7天仍维持较低水平（P<0.05）。暴露停止7天后，3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A合酶2（HMGCS2）和脂肪酸合酶（FASN）基因的表达水平分别显著升高（P<0.05）和降低（P<0.05）。这些结果表明，肉鸡舍内暴露于PM可通过局部肺部炎症诱导全身炎症和血脂异常，并通过干扰肝脏脂质合成代谢过程中相关基因的表达对肝脏产生毒性作用。
