Dec Marta, Łagowski Dominik, Nowak Tomasz, Pietras-Ożga Dorota, Herman Klaudia
Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Pathogens. 2023 Mar 3;12(3):409. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12030409.
The aim of the study was phenotypic and genotypic characterization of strains isolated from diseased pigs in Poland and comparison of the SpaA (Surface protective antigen A) sequence of wild-type strains with the sequence of the R32E11 vaccine strain. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was assessed using the broth microdilution method. Resistance genes, virulence genes, and serotype determinants were detected using PCR. The and amplicons were sequenced to determine nonsynonymous mutations. The isolates (n = 14) represented serotypes 1b (42.8%), 2 (21.4%), 5 (14.3%), 6 (7.1%), 8 (7.1%), and N (7.1%). All strains were susceptible to β-lactams, macrolides and florfenicol. One isolate showed resistance to lincosamides and tiamulin, and most strains were resistant to tetracycline and enrofloxacin. High MIC values of gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, trimethoprim, trimethoprim/sulfadiazine, and rifampicin were recorded for all isolates. Phenotypic resistance was correlated with the presence of the , , , and genes. Resistance to enrofloxacin was due to a mutation in the gene. All strains contained the gene and several other genes putatively involved in pathogenesis (, , , , , , ERH_1356, , , and ) Seven variants of the SpaA protein were found in the tested strains, and a relationship between the structure of SpaA and the serotype was noted. strains occurring in pigs in Poland are diverse in terms of serotype and SpaA variant and differ antigenically from the R32E11 vaccine strain. Beta-lactam antibiotics, macrolides, or phenicols should be the first choice for treatment of swine erysipelas in Poland. However, due to the small number of tested strains, this conclusion should be approached with caution.
本研究的目的是对从波兰患病猪分离出的菌株进行表型和基因型特征分析，并将野生型菌株的SpaA（表面保护性抗原A）序列与R32E11疫苗株的序列进行比较。使用肉汤微量稀释法评估分离株的抗生素敏感性。通过PCR检测耐药基因、毒力基因和血清型决定因素。对扩增子进行测序以确定非同义突变。这些分离株（n = 14）代表血清型1b（42.8%）、2（21.4%）、5（14.3%）、6（7.1%）、8（7.1%）和N（7.1%）。所有菌株对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和氟苯尼考敏感。一株分离株对林可酰胺类和泰妙菌素耐药，大多数菌株对四环素和恩诺沙星耐药。所有分离株对庆大霉素、卡那霉素、新霉素、甲氧苄啶、甲氧苄啶/磺胺嘧啶和利福平的MIC值较高。表型耐药与tet(M)、tet(O)、erm(B)和sul1基因的存在相关。对恩诺沙星的耐药是由于gyrA基因发生突变。所有菌株都含有epf基因和其他几个可能参与致病过程的基因（slyA、hly、fbps、scpA、srtA、mpl、ERH_1356、sip、ami和ef）。在测试菌株中发现了七种SpaA蛋白变体，并注意到SpaA结构与血清型之间的关系。波兰猪中出现的菌株在血清型和SpaA变体方面具有多样性，并且在抗原性上与R32E11疫苗株不同。β-内酰胺类抗生素、大环内酯类或酚类抗生素应作为波兰治疗猪丹毒的首选药物。然而，由于测试菌株数量较少，应谨慎对待这一结论。
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