Stehbens W E
Exp Mol Pathol. 1986 Apr;44(2):177-89. doi: 10.1016/0014-4800(86)90068-7.
U-shaped arterial loops fashioned in the common carotid artery of rabbits and sheep were studied to determine the chronic effects of the altered blood flow, and results were consistent. Intimal thickening, predominantly of musculoelastic proliferation, was present at the distal aspect of the lesser curvatures of the bends where boundary layer separation might be expected. Lipid was found in the intimal thickening of the four sheep with U-loops. Along the greater curvature of the three bends where blood flow impinges there was considerable fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina with very little intimal thickening. In loops of longer duration considerable atrophy of the media was also observed and in a few specimens there was loss of medial elastica and muscle with slight dilatation. Thus both proliferative and atrophic (nonproliferative) lesions can be induced in the same vessels at anatomical sites similar to those occurring in the carotid siphon in man.
对在兔子和绵羊颈总动脉中形成的U形动脉环进行了研究，以确定血流改变的慢性影响，结果是一致的。在内膜增厚处，主要是肌弹性增生，出现在弯曲较小曲率的远端，预计此处会出现边界层分离。在四只带有U形环的绵羊的内膜增厚处发现了脂质。在血流冲击的三个弯曲的较大曲率处，内弹性膜有相当程度的破碎，内膜增厚很少。在持续时间较长的环中，还观察到中膜相当程度的萎缩，在一些标本中，中膜弹性组织和肌肉丧失，并伴有轻微扩张。因此，在与人类颈动脉虹吸部相似的解剖部位，相同血管中可诱导出增殖性和萎缩性（非增殖性）病变。
