Diab Mohamed S, Thabet Asmaa S, Elsalam Mohamed Abd, Ewida Rania M, Sotohy Sotohy A
Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, El-Kharga, Egypt.
Assiut Lab., Animal Health Research Institute, ARC, Asyut, Egypt.
Gut Pathog. 2023 Mar 30;15(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s13099-023-00542-3.
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a major foodborne zoonotic pathogen worldwide. In the current study, Various NTS strains were isolated from (cows, milk and dairy products in addition to humans) in New Valley and Assiut Governorate, Egypt. NTS were firstly serotyped and tested by antibiotic sensitivity test. Secondly, some virulence genes and Antibiotic resistance genes have been identified by using PCR. Finally, Phylogenesis was performed depending on the invA gene, for two S. typhimurium isolates (one of animal origin and the other of human origin for evaluating zoonotic potential).
Out of 800 examined samples, the total number of isolates was 87 (10.88%), which were classified into 13 serotypes, with the most prevalent being S. Typhimurium and S. enteritidis. Both bovine and human isolates showed the highest resistance to clindamycin and streptomycin, with 90.80% of the tested isolates exhibiting MDR. The occurrence of the invA gene was 100%, while 72.22%, 30.56%, and 94.44% of the examined strains were positive for stn, spvC, and hilA genes, respectively. Additionally, blaOXA-2 was detected in 16.67% (6/ 36) of the tested isolates, while blaCMY-1 was detected in 30.56% (11of 36) of the tested isolates. Phylogenesis revealed a high degree of similarity between the two isolates.
The high occurrence of MDR strains of NTS in both human and animal samples with high degree of genetic similarity, shows that cows, milk and milk product may be a valuable source of human infection with NTS and interfere with treatment procedures.
非伤寒沙门氏菌（NTS）是全球主要的食源性人畜共患病原体。在本研究中，从埃及新河谷省和阿斯尤特省的（牛、牛奶和乳制品以及人类）中分离出各种NTS菌株。首先对NTS进行血清分型并通过抗生素敏感性试验进行检测。其次，使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）鉴定了一些毒力基因和抗生素抗性基因。最后，根据两个鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分离株（一个来自动物源，另一个来自人类源以评估人畜共患病潜力）的invA基因进行系统发育分析。
在800份检测样本中，分离株总数为87株（10.88%），分为13种血清型，最常见的是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌。牛和人分离株对克林霉素和链霉素的耐药性最高，90.80%的检测分离株表现出多重耐药性。invA基因的出现率为100%，而分别有72.22%、30.56%和94.44%的检测菌株stn、spvC和hilA基因呈阳性。此外，在16.67%（6/36）的检测分离株中检测到blaOXA - 2，而在30.56%（36株中的11株）的检测分离株中检测到blaCMY - 1。系统发育分析显示这两个分离株之间具有高度相似性。
人类和动物样本中NTS多重耐药菌株的高发生率以及高度的遗传相似性表明，牛、牛奶和奶制品可能是人类感染NTS的重要来源，并干扰治疗程序。
