Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2023 Apr 3;205(5):164. doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03514-y.
Cyanometabolites are active compounds derived from cyanobacteria that include small low molecular weight peptides, oligosaccharides, lectins, phenols, fatty acids, and alkaloids. Some of these compounds may pose a threat to human and environment. However, majority of them are known to have various health benefits with antiviral properties against pathogenic viruses including Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Influenza A virus (IAV) etc. Cyanometabolites classified as lectins include scytovirin (SVN), Oscillatoria agardhii agglutinin (OAAH), cyanovirin-N (CV-N), Microcystis viridis lectin (MVL), and microvirin (MVN) also possess a potent antiviral activity against viral diseases with unique properties to recognize different viral epitopes. Studies showed that a small linear peptide, microginin FR1, isolated from a water bloom of Microcystis species, inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), making it useful for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our review provides an overview of the antiviral properties of cyanobacteria from the late 90s till now and emphasizes the significance of their metabolites in combating viral diseases, particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has received limited attention in previous publications. The enormous medicinal potential of cyanobacteria is also emphasized in this review, which justifies their use as a dietary supplement to fend off pandemics in future.
蓝细菌代谢产物是从蓝细菌中提取的活性化合物，包括小分子低分子量肽、寡糖、凝集素、酚类、脂肪酸和生物碱。其中一些化合物可能对人类和环境构成威胁。然而，大多数已知的化合物具有多种健康益处，具有抗病毒特性，可对抗包括人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)、埃博拉病毒 (EBOV)、单纯疱疹病毒 (HSV)、甲型流感病毒 (IAV) 等在内的致病病毒。蓝细菌代谢产物中的凝集素包括 Scytovirin (SVN)、Oscillatoria agardhii 凝集素 (OAAH)、Cyanovirin-N (CV-N)、微绿球藻凝集素 (MVL) 和微病毒 (MVN)，也具有针对病毒性疾病的强大抗病毒活性，具有独特的识别不同病毒表位的特性。研究表明，从小球藻水华中分离出的一种线性小肽 Microginin FR1 可抑制血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)，使其可用于治疗 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19)。我们的综述概述了 90 年代末至今蓝细菌的抗病毒特性，并强调了其代谢产物在对抗病毒性疾病（特别是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2)）中的重要性，这在以前的出版物中受到的关注有限。本综述还强调了蓝细菌的巨大药用潜力，证明了它们作为膳食补充剂在未来抵御大流行的合理性。
