Han Young-Ran, Jeong Yeo-Won
Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Dongguk University, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38066, Republic of Korea.
BMC Nurs. 2023 Apr 12;22(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01253-5.
In an increasingly multicultural society, cultural competence and transcultural self-efficacy of public health nurses is important for providing culturally congruent care for client from diverse cultural background. To improv this, it is needed tailored and effective educational program based on the cultural competence educational needs. This study investigated the moderating effect of cultural competence educational needs on the relationship between transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence.
This cross-sectional study recruited 217 public health nurses in Korea using convenience sampling from August 2018 to January 2019. A direct questionnaire was used to collect data. Study variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and the Hayes PROCESS macro (Model 1) moderation model.
The mean scores for transcultural self-efficacy, cultural competence educational needs, and cultural competence were 62.33 ± 11.08, 58.19 ± 15.08, and 97.96 ± 17.09, respectively. Transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence educational needs were positively associated with cultural competence. In the tested model, cultural competence educational needs had a conditional moderating effect on the relationship between transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence. The positive association between transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence was significant at low, medium, and high levels of cultural competence educational needs and stronger for those with high needs.
Cultural competence educational needs may be an important determinant of cultural competence among public health nurses. To effectively increase cultural competence, transcultural self-efficacy should be increased by education programs tailored by cultural competence educational needs.
在一个多元文化日益增多的社会中，公共卫生护士的文化能力和跨文化自我效能对于为来自不同文化背景的服务对象提供符合文化习俗的护理至关重要。为了改善这一情况，需要基于文化能力教育需求制定量身定制且有效的教育项目。本研究调查了文化能力教育需求在跨文化自我效能与文化能力之间关系中的调节作用。
本横断面研究于2018年8月至2019年1月在韩国采用便利抽样法招募了217名公共卫生护士。使用直接问卷调查收集数据。研究变量采用描述性统计、相关性分析以及海斯过程宏程序（模型1）调节模型进行分析。
跨文化自我效能、文化能力教育需求和文化能力的平均得分分别为62.33±11.08、58.19±15.08和97.96±17.09。跨文化自我效能和文化能力教育需求与文化能力呈正相关。在测试模型中，文化能力教育需求对跨文化自我效能与文化能力之间的关系具有条件调节作用。在文化能力教育需求的低、中、高水平上，跨文化自我效能与文化能力之间的正相关均显著，且需求高者的相关性更强。
文化能力教育需求可能是公共卫生护士文化能力的一个重要决定因素。为有效提高文化能力，应通过根据文化能力教育需求量身定制的教育项目来提高跨文化自我效能。
