Kanaan Manal H G
Department of Agriculture, Technical Institute of Suwaria, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Vet World. 2023 Mar;16(3):455-463. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.455-463. Epub 2023 Mar 17.
Food poisoning caused by serovars is the most common type of foodborne illness. Tainted chicken meat is a major vector for spreading these serovars throughout the food supply chain. isolates that developed resistance to commonly used antimicrobials pose a noteworthy risk to public health, yet there has been a lack of data on this issue in Iraq. Therefore, it is crucial to address these serious public health challenges with an adequate database on the occurrence and antibiotic resistance of these serovars. This study aimed to determine the frequency of occurrence of serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium (. Enteritidis and . Typhimurium), antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and prevalence of multidrug resistance among . Enteritidis and . Typhimurium isolated from poultry meat collected in Wasit Province in Iraq.
A total of 150 raw and frozen poultry meat samples were gathered from retail markets in various locales across the Wasit Governorate in Iraq. spp. were successfully cultured and identified using the technique recommended by ISO 6579:2002, with minor modifications. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction approach was used to confirm spp. (. Enteritidis and . Typhimurium). A disk diffusion test was performed to determine the susceptibility to particular antimicrobial agents, and 12 different antimicrobial agents were evaluated.
Only 19 of the 150 (12.7%) samples tested positive for (16% and 11% were isolated from raw and frozen chicken meat, respectively). . Enteritidis accounted for 63.2%, whereas . Typhimurium accounted for 36.8%. Nalidixic acid resistance was the most common (73.7%), followed by sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (63.2%) and tetracycline (63.2%), but gentamicin and ciprofloxacin (up to 15.8%) only had modest resistance. Antibiogram of . Enteritidis and . Typhimurium yield 13 antibiotypes. Among the 19 isolates, 12 of 19 (63.2%) established resistance to no less than three categories of antimicrobials.
This study highlighted the necessity of limiting the utilization of antibiotics in animal production by providing vital information regarding the frequency and AMR of at markets in Wasit Province. Therefore, risk assessment models could use these data to lessen the amount of passed on to humans in Iraq from chicken meat.
由血清型引起的食物中毒是食源性疾病最常见的类型。受污染的鸡肉是这些血清型在整个食品供应链中传播的主要载体。对常用抗菌药物产生耐药性的菌株对公众健康构成了显著风险，但伊拉克在这一问题上缺乏相关数据。因此，利用关于这些血清型的发生情况和抗生素耐药性的充分数据库来应对这些严重的公共卫生挑战至关重要。本研究旨在确定从伊拉克瓦西特省采集的禽肉中分离出的肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌）的发生频率、抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）以及多重耐药性的流行情况。
从伊拉克瓦西特省各地的零售市场共采集了150份生的和冷冻的禽肉样本。使用ISO 6579:2002推荐的技术并稍作修改，成功培养并鉴定了沙门氏菌属。采用多重聚合酶链反应方法确认沙门氏菌属（肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌）。进行纸片扩散试验以确定对特定抗菌药物的敏感性，并评估了12种不同的抗菌药物。
150份样本中只有19份（12.7%）检测出沙门氏菌呈阳性（分别从生鸡肉和冷冻鸡肉中分离出的占16%和11%）。肠炎沙门氏菌占63.2%，而鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占36.8%。对萘啶酸耐药最为常见（73.7%），其次是磺胺甲恶唑 - 甲氧苄啶（63.2%）和四环素（63.2%），但庆大霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率仅为适度（高达15.8%）。肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的抗菌谱产生了13种抗菌型。在19株沙门氏菌分离株中，19株中有12株（63.2%）对不少于三类抗菌药物产生耐药性。
本研究强调了通过提供关于瓦西特省市场上沙门氏菌的发生频率和AMR的重要信息来限制动物生产中抗生素使用的必要性。因此，风险评估模型可以利用这些数据来减少伊拉克鸡肉中传递给人类的沙门氏菌数量。
