NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Cancer Lett. 2023 Jun 1;563:216190. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216190. Epub 2023 Apr 14.
Neoantigen is a protein produced by mutant gene, which is only expressed in tumor cells. It is an ideal target for therapeutic tumor vaccines. Although synthetic long peptide (SLP)-based neoantigen vaccine, DNA-based neoantigen vaccine, and mRNA-based neoantigen vaccine are all in the development stage, they have some inherent shortcomings. Therefore, researchers turned their attention to a new type of "non-coding RNA (ncRNA)", circular RNA (circRNA), for potential better choice. Because of its unique high stability and protein-coding capacity, circRNA is a promising target in the field of neoantigen vaccine. In this paper, we reviewed the feasibility of circRNA encoding neoantigens, summarized the construction process, explained the mechanism of circRNA vaccine in vitro, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of circRNA vaccine and possible combination with other immunotherapies.
新抗原是由突变基因产生的蛋白质，仅在肿瘤细胞中表达。它是治疗性肿瘤疫苗的理想靶点。虽然基于合成长肽（SLP）的新抗原疫苗、基于 DNA 的新抗原疫苗和基于 mRNA 的新抗原疫苗都处于开发阶段，但它们都存在一些固有缺陷。因此，研究人员将注意力转向了一种新型“非编码 RNA（ncRNA）”——环状 RNA（circRNA），以期获得更好的选择。由于其独特的高稳定性和蛋白编码能力，circRNA 是新抗原疫苗领域很有前途的靶点。本文综述了 circRNA 编码新抗原的可行性，总结了其构建过程，解释了 circRNA 疫苗在体外的作用机制，并讨论了 circRNA 疫苗的优缺点及其与其他免疫疗法的可能结合。
