Yuan Zihang, Liao Kaifang, Zhang Yumei, Han Mengyuan, Bishop Chris, Chen Zhili, Zhang Xiaohua, Zhang Guochao, Li Yongming
School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Hangzhou No.2 High School of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China.
Biol Sport. 2023 Apr;40(2):603-609. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.119284. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
The aim of this study was to determine the optimal velocity loss (VL) threshold that maximises the post activation potentiation (PAP) stimulus for achieving larger and more consistent performance gains in track and field athletes. Twenty-two athletes from athletics participated in four back squat PAP tests with four different VL threshold (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% VL) at an intensity of 85%1RM. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height, power, and momentum were assessed before, and 10 s, 4, 8, 12, 16 minutes after the PAP condition. Repetitions of the squat in all the PAP conditions were also recorded. Only the 5% VL condition produced significant improvements in height (ES = 0.73, P = 0.038), peak power output (ES = 0.73, P = 0.038) and momentum (ES = 0.72, P = 0.041) of CMJ, and these changes appeared 8 minutes after the condition. The total number of repetitions during the 5% VL condition was significantly lower than that observed in the 15% (P = 0.003) and 20% VL (P < 0.001) trials. The results from this study indicate that 5%VL during the 2 sets preconditioning squat at 85%1RM was optimal for eliciting PAP in a CMJ exercise, and resulted in significant increases at the 8-min recovery period. The same squat condition also had the least number of repetitions. However, considering the efficiency in practice, athletes can also choose the rest time of 4-min, which can also achieve similar results.
本研究的目的是确定最佳速度损失（VL）阈值，该阈值能使后激活增强（PAP）刺激最大化，从而在田径运动员中实现更大且更稳定的成绩提升。22名田径运动员以85%1RM的强度参加了四项不同VL阈值（5%、10%、15%和20%VL）的后蹲PAP测试。在PAP条件之前以及之后的10秒、4分钟、8分钟、12分钟、16分钟，评估反向移动跳（CMJ）的高度、功率和动量。还记录了所有PAP条件下的深蹲重复次数。只有5%VL条件下CMJ的高度（效应量=0.73，P=0.038）、峰值功率输出（效应量=0.73，P=0.038）和动量（效应量=0.72，P=0.041）有显著改善，且这些变化在该条件后8分钟出现。5%VL条件下的重复总数显著低于15%（P=0.003）和20%VL（P<0.001）试验中的重复总数。本研究结果表明，在85%1RM的两组预适应深蹲过程中，5%VL最适合在CMJ运动中引发PAP，并在8分钟恢复期导致显著增加。相同的深蹲条件下重复次数也最少。然而，考虑到实际效率，运动员也可以选择4分钟的休息时间，这也能取得类似的结果。
