Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Australian Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023 Jun;197:114822. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114822. Epub 2023 Apr 21.
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders affect as many as 1.5 billion people globally. The limited delivery of most imaging and therapeutic agents into the brain is a major challenge for treatment of CNS disorders. With the advent of nanotechnologies, controlled delivery of drugs with nanoparticles holds great promise in CNS disorders for overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and improving delivery efficacy. In recent years, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) have stood out as a promising theranostic nanoplatform for brain imaging and drug delivery as they possess unique physical properties and biodegradable characteristics. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in MIONP-based platforms as imaging and drug delivery agents for brain diseases. We firstly introduce the methods of synthesis and surface functionalization of MIONPs with emphasis on the inclusion of biocompatible polymers that allow for the addition of tailored physicochemical properties. We then discuss the recent advances in in vivo imaging and drug delivery applications using MIONPs. Finally, we present a perspective on the remaining challenges and possible future directions for MIONP-based brain delivery systems.
中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病影响着全球多达 15 亿人。大多数成像和治疗药物在进入大脑时的有限传递是治疗 CNS 疾病的主要挑战。随着纳米技术的出现，通过纳米颗粒控制药物传递在克服血脑屏障（BBB）和提高传递效果方面为 CNS 疾病提供了巨大的希望。近年来，磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（MIONPs）作为一种有前途的治疗诊断纳米平台，因其具有独特的物理性质和可生物降解的特点，在脑成像和药物输送方面脱颖而出。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于 MIONP 的平台作为脑疾病成像和药物输送剂的最新进展。我们首先介绍了 MIONP 的合成和表面功能化方法，重点介绍了包含生物相容性聚合物的方法，这些聚合物允许添加定制的物理化学性质。然后，我们讨论了使用 MIONP 进行体内成像和药物输送应用的最新进展。最后，我们对基于 MIONP 的脑输送系统的剩余挑战和可能的未来方向提出了展望。
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