Zheng Yamiao, Zhao Yiyang, Chen Xilian, Li Shanshan
School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China.
School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Feb 9;15:1348224. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1348224. eCollection 2024.
This study investigated the impact of different modes of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of patients with Substance Use Disorder (SUD). By exploring the most effective intervention types, cycle, frequency, and duration, we aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for the adjunctive treatment of SUD.
We conducted a systematic search in five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO, from database inception up to May 2023, and identified 4,255 randomized controlled trials addressing the influence of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of SUD patients. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software, focusing on 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria and included 895 participants. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0 software, presenting the results in the form of standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Our findings indicate that physical exercise significantly alleviates anxiety and depression in SUD patients while improving their cognitive function. Specifically, physical exercise was found to reduce anxiety (SMD = -0.726 [-1.349, -0.103], < 0.05) and depression (SMD = -0.666 [-1.077, -0.255], < 0.05) and enhance cognitive levels (SMD = -0.523 [-0.887, -0.159], < 0.05) among patients. Subgroup analysis further revealed that SUD patients benefitted most from physical exercise when engaging in aerobic exercises lasting over 12 weeks, with a frequency exceeding 40 sessions and each session lasting more than 60 min.
In conclusion, our study affirms that physical exercise mitigates anxiety and depression while enhancing cognitive function in SUD patients, making it an effective measure for adjunctive clinical treatment.
本研究调查了不同体育锻炼模式对物质使用障碍（SUD）患者情绪和认知水平的影响。通过探索最有效的干预类型、周期、频率和持续时间，我们旨在为SUD的辅助治疗提供循证建议。
我们在五个数据库（包括PubMed、科学网、考克兰图书馆、ScienceDirect和EBSCO）中进行了系统检索，检索时间从数据库建立至2023年5月，共识别出4255项关于体育锻炼对SUD患者情绪和认知水平影响的随机对照试验。使用Review Manager 5.4软件进行数据提取和分析，重点关注11项符合纳入标准且包含895名参与者的研究。随后，使用Stata 16.0软件进行荟萃分析，结果以标准化均数差（SMD）和95%置信区间（CI）的形式呈现。
我们的研究结果表明，体育锻炼显著减轻了SUD患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪，同时改善了他们的认知功能。具体而言，体育锻炼被发现可减轻患者的焦虑（SMD = -0.726 [-1.349, -0.103]，P < 0.05）和抑郁（SMD = -0.666 [-1.077, -0.255]，P < 0.05），并提高认知水平（SMD = -0.523 [-0.887, -0.159]，P < 0.05）。亚组分析进一步显示，当SUD患者进行持续超过12周、频率超过40次且每次持续超过60分钟的有氧运动时，从体育锻炼中获益最大。
总之，我们的研究证实体育锻炼可减轻SUD患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪，同时增强其认知功能，使其成为辅助临床治疗的有效措施。
