Suárez Lorena, Biancheri María Josefina Buonocore, Murúa Fernando, Ordano Mariano, Wang Xingeng, Cancino Jorge, Garcia Flavio Roberto Mello, Sánchez Guillermo, Beltrachini Sergio, Kulichevsky Luis Ernesto, Ovruski Sergio Marcelo
Dirección de Sanidad Vegetal, Animal y Alimentos de San Juan (DSVAA)-Gobierno de la Provincia de San Juan, Nazario Benavides 8000 Oeste, Rivadavia 5413, Argentina.
CCT CONICET San Juan, Av. Libertador Gral. San Martín 1109, Capital 5400, Argentina.
Insects. 2023 Apr 16;14(4):387. doi: 10.3390/insects14040387.
Biological control through the augmentative release of parasitoids is an important complementary tool that may be incorporated into other strategies for the eradication/eco-friendly control of pest fruit flies. However, not much information is available on the effectiveness of fruit fly parasitoids as biocontrol agents in semi-arid and temperate fruit-growing regions. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of augmentative releases of the larval parasitoid (Ashmead) on (Wiedemann) (medfly) populations over two fruit seasons (2013 and 2014) on a 10 ha irrigated fruit farm in San Juan province, central-western Argentina. The parasitoids were mass reared on irradiated medfly larvae of the Vienna-8 temperature-sensitive lethal genetic sexing strain. About 1692 (±108) parasitoids/ha were released per each of the 13 periods throughout each fruit season. Another similar farm was chosen as a control of non-parasitoid release. The numbers of captured adult flies in food-baited traps and of recovered fly puparia from sentinel fruits were considered the main variables to analyze the effect of parasitoid release on fly population suppression using a generalized least squares model. The results showed a significant decrease ( < 0.05) in the medfly population on the parasitoid release farm when compared to the Control farm, demonstrating the effectiveness of augmentative biological control using this exotic parasitoid. Thus, could be used in combination with other medfly suppression strategies in the fruit production valleys of San Juan.
通过增殖释放寄生蜂进行生物防治是一种重要的补充手段，可纳入其他根除/生态友好型防治害虫果蝇的策略中。然而，关于果蝇寄生蜂作为半干旱和温带水果种植区生物防治剂的有效性，目前可获得的信息不多。因此，本研究评估了在阿根廷中西部圣胡安省一个10公顷的灌溉果园中，在两个水果季（2013年和2014年）对幼虫寄生蜂（阿什米德）进行增殖释放对（维德曼）（地中海实蝇）种群的影响。这些寄生蜂在维也纳-8温度敏感致死遗传性别品系的辐照地中海实蝇幼虫上大量饲养。在每个水果季的13个时期中，每个时期每公顷释放约1692（±108）只寄生蜂。选择另一个类似的果园作为不释放寄生蜂的对照。用广义最小二乘法模型分析，将诱捕食物诱饵陷阱中捕获的成年果蝇数量和从哨兵水果中回收的果蝇蛹数量作为分析寄生蜂释放对果蝇种群抑制效果的主要变量。结果表明，与对照果园相比，寄生蜂释放果园中的地中海实蝇种群显著减少（<0.05），证明了使用这种外来寄生蜂进行增殖生物防治的有效性。因此，可将其与圣胡安水果生产山谷中的其他地中海实蝇抑制策略结合使用。
