ECOMARE-Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Mar Drugs. 2023 Mar 23;21(4):199. doi: 10.3390/md21040199.
Marine environments occupy more than 70% of the earth's surface, integrating very diverse habitats with specific characteristics. This heterogeneity of environments is reflected in the biochemical composition of the organisms that inhabit them. Marine organisms are a source of bioactive compounds, being increasingly studied due to their health-beneficial properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, or anticancer. In the last decades, marine fungi have stood out for their potential to produce compounds with therapeutic properties. The objective of this study was to determine the fatty acid profile of isolates from the fungi and and assess the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial potential of their lipid extracts. The analysis of the fatty acid profile, using GC-MS, showed that and possess high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 50% and 34%, respectively, including the omega-3 fatty acid 18:3 -3. and lipid extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity expressed by the capacity of their COX-2 inhibition which was 92% and 88% of inhibition at 200 µg lipid mL, respectively. lipid extracts showed a high percentage of inhibition of COX -2 activity even at low concentrations of lipids (54% of inhibition using 20 µg lipid mL), while a dose-dependent behaviour was observed in . The antioxidant activity assays of total lipid extracts demonstrated that the lipid extract from did not show antioxidant activity, while gave an IC value of 116.6 ± 6.2 µg mL equivalent to 92.1 ± 4.8 µmol Trolox g of lipid extract in the DPPH• assay, and 101.3 ± 14.4 µg mL equivalent to 106.6 ± 14.8 µmol Trolox g of lipid extract in the ABTS• assay. The lipid extract of both fungal species did not show antibacterial properties at the concentrations tested. This study is the first step in the biochemical characterization of these marine organisms and demonstrates the bioactive potential of lipid extracts from marine fungi for biotechnological applications.
海洋环境覆盖了地球表面的 70%以上，整合了具有特定特征的非常多样化的生境。这种环境的异质性反映在栖息在其中的生物的生化组成上。海洋生物是生物活性化合物的来源，由于其具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒或抗癌等有益健康的特性，因此越来越受到关注。在过去的几十年中，海洋真菌因其具有产生具有治疗特性的化合物的潜力而备受关注。本研究的目的是确定真菌 和 的分离物的脂肪酸谱，并评估其脂质提取物的抗炎、抗氧化和抗菌潜力。使用 GC-MS 分析脂肪酸谱表明， 和 分别含有 50%和 34%的高度不饱和脂肪酸，包括 ω-3 脂肪酸 18:3 -3。 和 脂质提取物具有抗炎活性，其 COX-2 抑制能力分别为 200 µg 脂质 mL 时 92%和 88%的抑制率。 脂质提取物在低浓度脂质（使用 20 µg 脂质 mL 时抑制率为 54%）时就表现出高的 COX -2 活性抑制百分比，而 在 脂质提取物中观察到剂量依赖性行为。总脂质提取物的抗氧化活性测定表明， 脂质提取物没有抗氧化活性，而 在 DPPH•测定中给出的 IC 值为 116.6 ± 6.2 µg mL，相当于 92.1 ± 4.8 µmol Trolox g 的脂质提取物，在 ABTS•测定中给出的 IC 值为 101.3 ± 14.4 µg mL，相当于 106.6 ± 14.8 µmol Trolox g 的脂质提取物。两种真菌物种的脂质提取物在测试浓度下均没有表现出抗菌特性。本研究是对这些海洋生物进行生化特性分析的第一步，证明了海洋真菌脂质提取物在生物技术应用中的生物活性潜力。
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