Kamaruzaman Nurkhuzaiah, Fauzi Mh Busra, Tabata Yasuhiko, Yusop Salma Mohamad
Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Apr 18;15(8):1929. doi: 10.3390/polym15081929.
Wound contracture, which commonly happens after wound healing, may lead to physical distortion, including skin constriction. Therefore, the combination of collagen and elastin as the most abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) skin matrices may provide the best candidate biomaterials for cutaneous wound injury. This study aimed to develop a hybrid scaffold containing green natural resources (ovine tendon collagen type-I and poultry-based elastin) for skin tissue engineering. Briefly, freeze-drying was used to create the hybrid scaffolds, which were then crosslinked with 0.1% (w/v) genipin (GNP). Next, the physical characteristics (pore size, porosity, swelling ratio, biodegradability and mechanical strength) of the microstructure were assessed. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry were used for the chemical analysis. The findings showed a uniform and interconnected porous structure with acceptable porosity (>60%) and high-water uptake capacity (>1200%), with pore sizes ranging between 127 ± 22 and 245 ± 35 µm. The biodegradation rate of the fabricated scaffold containing 5% elastin was lower (<0.043 mg/h) compared to the control scaffold (collagen only; 0.085 mg/h). Further analysis with EDX identified the main elements of the scaffold: it contained carbon (C) 59.06 ± 1.36-70.66 ± 2.89%, nitrogen (N) 6.02 ± 0.20-7.09 ± 0.69% and oxygen (O) 23.79 ± 0.65-32.93 ± 0.98%. FTIR analysis revealed that collagen and elastin remained in the scaffold and exhibited similar functional amides (amide A: 3316 cm, amide B: 2932 cm, amide I: 1649 cm, amide II: 1549 cm and amide III: 1233 cm). The combination of elastin and collagen also produced a positive effect via increased Young's modulus values. No toxic effect was identified, and the hybrid scaffolds significantly supported human skin cell attachment and viability. In conclusion, the fabricated hybrid scaffolds demonstrated optimum physicochemical and mechanical properties and may potentially be used as an acellular skin substitute in wound management.
伤口挛缩通常发生在伤口愈合后，可能导致身体变形，包括皮肤收缩。因此，胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白作为最丰富的细胞外基质（ECM）皮肤基质，可能为皮肤伤口损伤提供最佳的候选生物材料。本研究旨在开发一种含有绿色天然资源（I型羊肌腱胶原蛋白和家禽来源的弹性蛋白）的混合支架用于皮肤组织工程。简而言之，采用冷冻干燥法制备混合支架，然后用0.1%（w/v）京尼平（GNP）进行交联。接下来，评估微观结构的物理特性（孔径、孔隙率、溶胀率、生物降解性和机械强度）。能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）分光光度法用于化学分析。结果显示，该支架具有均匀且相互连通的多孔结构，孔隙率可接受（>60%）且吸水能力高（>1200%），孔径范围在127±22至245±35μm之间。与对照支架（仅胶原蛋白；0.085mg/h）相比，含有5%弹性蛋白的制备支架的生物降解率较低（<0.043mg/h）。EDX进一步分析确定了支架的主要元素：其碳（C）含量为59.06±1.36 - 70.66±2.89%，氮（N）含量为6.02±0.20 - 7.09±0.69%，氧（O）含量为23.79±0.65 - 32.93±0.98%。FTIR分析表明，胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白保留在支架中，并表现出相似的功能性酰胺（酰胺A：3316cm，酰胺B：2932cm，酰胺I：1649cm，酰胺II：1549cm和酰胺III：1233cm）。弹性蛋白和胶原蛋白的组合还通过增加杨氏模量值产生了积极影响。未发现有毒作用，且混合支架显著支持人皮肤细胞的附着和活力。总之，制备的混合支架表现出最佳的物理化学和机械性能，可能有潜力用作伤口处理中的无细胞皮肤替代物。
