Zhu Yutao, Zhao Mei, Li Taotao, Wang Lianzhe, Liao Chunli, Liu Dongxiao, Zhang Huamin, Zhao Yanpeng, Liu Lisen, Ge Xiaoyang, Li Bingbing
College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China.
Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Apr 21;14:1174281. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1174281. eCollection 2023.
Cotton is widely grown in many countries around the world due to the huge economic value of the total natural fiber. Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne pathogen , is the most devastating disease that led to extensive yield losses and fiber quality reduction in cotton crops. Developing resistant cotton varieties through genetic engineering is an effective, economical, and durable strategy to control Verticillium wilt. However, there are few resistance gene resources in the currently planted cotton varieties, which has brought great challenges and difficulties for breeding through genetic engineering. Further revealing the molecular mechanism between and cotton interaction is crucial to discovering genes related to disease resistance. In this review, we elaborated on the pathogenic mechanism of and the resistance mechanism of cotton to Verticillium wilt. has evolved complex mechanisms to achieve pathogenicity in cotton, mainly including five aspects: (1) germination and growth of microsclerotia; (2) infection and successful colonization; (3) adaptation to the nutrient-deficient environment and competition of nutrients; (4) suppression and manipulation of cotton immune responses; (5) rapid reproduction and secretion of toxins. Cotton has evolved multiple physiological and biochemical responses to cope with infection, including modification of tissue structures, accumulation of antifungal substances, homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of Ca signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, hormone signaling, and PAMPs/effectors-triggered immune response (PTI/ETI). This review will provide an important reference for the breeding of new cotton germplasm resistant to Verticillium wilt through genetic engineering.
由于天然纤维具有巨大的经济价值，棉花在世界许多国家广泛种植。由土壤传播的病原体引起的黄萎病是最具毁灭性的病害，导致棉花作物产量大幅损失和纤维品质下降。通过基因工程培育抗病棉花品种是控制黄萎病的一种有效、经济且持久的策略。然而，目前种植的棉花品种中抗病基因资源较少，这给通过基因工程育种带来了巨大挑战和困难。进一步揭示病原体与棉花相互作用的分子机制对于发现抗病相关基因至关重要。在本综述中，我们阐述了病原体的致病机制以及棉花对黄萎病的抗性机制。病原体已进化出复杂的机制以在棉花中实现致病性，主要包括五个方面：（1）微菌核的萌发和生长；（2）感染和成功定殖；（3）适应营养缺乏环境和营养竞争；（4）抑制和操纵棉花免疫反应；（5）快速繁殖和毒素分泌。棉花已进化出多种生理生化反应来应对病原体感染，包括组织结构的改变、抗真菌物质的积累、活性氧（ROS）稳态、钙信号诱导、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联反应、激素信号传导以及病原体相关分子模式/效应子触发的免疫反应（PTI/ETI）。本综述将为通过基因工程培育抗黄萎病棉花新种质提供重要参考。
