Lai Huiting, Liu Yan, Cheng Yin, Shi Liangjing, Wang Ranran, Sun Jing
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding Xi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Aug;10(22):e2300793. doi: 10.1002/advs.202300793. Epub 2023 May 18.
Bioelectric electrodes with low modulus and high adhesion have been intensively pursued, as they afford conformal and strong bonding at skin-electrode interface to improve the fidelity and stability of electrophysiological signals. However, during detachment, tough adhesion can cause pain or skin allergy; worse still, the soft electrodes can suffer damage due to excessive stretch/torsion, hampering long-term, dynamic, and multiple uses. Herein, a bioelectric electrode is proposed by transferring silver nanowires (AgNWs) network to the surface of bistable adhesive polymer (BAP). The phase transition temperature of BAP is tuned to be slightly below skin temperature at 30 °C. Triggered by skin heat, the BAP electrode achieves low modulus and high adhesion within seconds, allowing robust skin-electrode interface under dry, wet, and body-moving conditions. Ice bag treatment can dramatically stiffen the electrode and reduce the adhesion, which allows painless detachment and avoids electrode damage. Meanwhile, the AgNWs network with biaxial wrinkled microstructure remarkably promotes the electro-mechanical stability of the BAP electrode. The BAP electrode successfully combines long-term (7 days) and dynamic (body movements, sweat, underwater) stability, reusability (at least ten times), and minimized skin irritation during electrophysiological monitoring. The high signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic stability are demonstrated in the application of piano-playing training.
具有低模量和高粘附性的生物电电极一直是研究热点，因为它们能在皮肤-电极界面实现贴合且牢固的结合，从而提高电生理信号的保真度和稳定性。然而，在电极剥离时，较强的粘附力会导致疼痛或皮肤过敏；更糟糕的是，柔软的电极可能因过度拉伸/扭转而受损，影响长期、动态和多次使用。在此，通过将银纳米线（AgNWs）网络转移到双稳态粘合剂聚合物（BAP）表面，提出了一种生物电电极。BAP的相变温度被调整为略低于皮肤温度，为30℃。在皮肤热量的触发下，BAP电极在数秒内实现低模量和高粘附性，在干燥、潮湿和身体运动条件下都能形成稳定的皮肤-电极界面。冰袋处理可使电极显著变硬并降低粘附力，实现无痛剥离并避免电极损坏。同时，具有双轴皱纹微观结构的AgNWs网络显著提高了BAP电极的机电稳定性。BAP电极成功地结合了长期（7天）和动态（身体运动、出汗、水下）稳定性、可重复使用性（至少十次），并在电生理监测过程中使皮肤刺激最小化。在钢琴演奏训练的应用中展示了高信噪比和动态稳定性。
