Christodoulou Magdalini, Malli Foteini, Tsaras Konstantinos, Billinis Charalambos, Papagiannis Dimitrios
Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GRC.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, GRC.
Cureus. 2023 Apr 23;15(4):e38031. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38031. eCollection 2023 Apr.
, the causative agent of Q fever, causes abortions in animals. Its effects on humans and the management of Q fever in certain conditions like pregnancy are undetermined. The World Health Organization has estimated that zoonotic diseases cause around one billion cases of infections and millions of deaths globally each year. It is worth noting that many emerging infectious diseases currently being reported worldwide are zoonoses. We reviewed studies reporting on Q fever prevalence and incidence in Europe. Articles from 1937 to 2023 with the following terms "" were identified in the PubMed database and reports by organizations such as the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). We included randomized and observational studies, seroprevalence studies, case series, and case reports. According to the ECDC in 2019, 23 countries reported 1069 cases, the majority of which were classified as confirmed cases. The number of reports per 100,000 inhabitants in the EU/EEA was 0.2 for 2019, the same as the previous four years. The highest report rate (0.7 cases per 100,000 population) was observed in Spain, followed by Romania (0.6), Bulgaria (0.5), and Hungary. Considering the typically asymptomatic nature of Q fever infection, it is imperative to strengthen the existing systems to promote the rapid identification and reporting of Q fever outbreaks in animals, particularly in cases of abortion. It is also essential to consider the facilitation of early information exchange between veterinarians and public health counterparts to ensure the timely detection and prevention of potential zoonotic events, including Q fever.
Q热的病原体可导致动物流产。其对人类的影响以及在怀孕等特定情况下Q热的管理尚不确定。世界卫生组织估计，人畜共患疾病每年在全球造成约10亿例感染和数百万例死亡。值得注意的是，目前在全球范围内报告的许多新发传染病都是人畜共患病。我们回顾了有关欧洲Q热流行率和发病率的研究报告。在PubMed数据库以及欧洲疾病预防控制中心（ECDC）等组织的报告中，识别出了1937年至2023年包含以下术语的文章。我们纳入了随机研究、观察性研究、血清阳性率研究、病例系列和病例报告。根据ECDC 2019年的数据，23个国家报告了1069例病例，其中大多数被归类为确诊病例。2019年欧盟/欧洲经济区每10万居民中的报告病例数为0.2，与前四年相同。报告率最高的是西班牙（每10万人口0.7例），其次是罗马尼亚（0.6）、保加利亚（0.5）和匈牙利。鉴于Q热感染通常无症状的性质，必须加强现有系统，以促进对动物Q热疫情的快速识别和报告，特别是在流产病例中。考虑促进兽医与公共卫生对应方之间的早期信息交流，以确保及时发现和预防包括Q热在内的潜在人畜共患事件也至关重要。
