Pezzino Salvatore, Sofia Maria, Mazzone Chiara, Castorina Sergio, Puleo Stefano, Barchitta Martina, Agodi Antonella, Gallo Luisa, La Greca Gaetano, Latteri Saverio
Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Apr 27;12(5):662. doi: 10.3390/biology12050662.
There is growing evidence that gut microbiota dysbiosis is linked to the etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), from the initial stage of disease until the progressive stage of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the final stage of cirrhosis. Conversely, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have shown promise in restoring dysbiosis and lowering clinical indicators of disease in a number of both preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, postbiotics and parabiotics have recently garnered some attention. The purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to assess recent publishing trends concerning the role of the gut microbiome in the progression of NAFLD, NASH and cirrhosis and its connection with biotics. The free access version of the Dimensions scientific research database was used to find publications in this field from 2002 to 2022. VOSviewer and Dimensions' integrated tools were used to analyze current research trends. Research into the following topics is expected to emerge in this field: (1) evaluation of risk factors which are correlated with the progression of NAFLD, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; (2) pathogenic mechanisms, such as liver inflammation through toll-like receptors activation, or alteration of short-chain fatty acids metabolisms, which contribute to NAFLD development and its progression in more severe forms, such as cirrhosis; (3) therapy for cirrhosis through dysbiosis reduction, and research on hepatic encephalopathy a common consequence of cirrhosis; (4) evaluation of diversity, and composition of gut microbiome under NAFLD, and as it varies under NASH and cirrhosis by rRNA gene sequencing, a tool which can also be used for the development of new probiotics and explore into the impact of biotics on the gut microbiome; (5) treatments to reduce dysbiosis with new probiotics, such as , or with fecal microbiome transplantation.
越来越多的证据表明，从非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的初始阶段到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）的进展阶段以及肝硬化的终末期，肠道微生物群失调与该疾病的发病机制相关。相反，在一些临床前和临床研究中，益生菌、益生元及合生元已显示出恢复失调并降低疾病临床指标的前景。此外，后生元和副生物最近也受到了一些关注。本文献计量分析的目的是评估关于肠道微生物群在NAFLD、NASH和肝硬化进展中的作用及其与生物制剂的联系的近期出版趋势。使用Dimensions科学研究数据库的免费访问版本来查找2002年至2022年该领域的出版物。使用VOSviewer和Dimensions的集成工具来分析当前的研究趋势。预计该领域将出现以下主题的研究：（1）评估与NAFLD进展相关的风险因素，如肥胖和代谢综合征；（2）致病机制，如通过Toll样受体激活引起的肝脏炎症，或短链脂肪酸代谢的改变，这些机制有助于NAFLD的发展及其向更严重形式（如肝硬化）的进展；（3）通过减少失调来治疗肝硬化，以及对肝硬化常见后果肝性脑病的研究；（4）通过rRNA基因测序评估NAFLD下肠道微生物群的多样性和组成，以及在NASH和肝硬化下的变化，该工具也可用于开发新的益生菌并探索生物制剂对肠道微生物群的影响；（5）用新的益生菌（如 ）或粪便微生物群移植来减少失调的治疗方法。
