Aljadani Ahmed Hamed, Alshammari Tahani Salem, Sadaqir Rawan Ibrahim, Alrashede Naif Osaywid Eid, Aldajani Bushra Mubarak, Almehmadi Samiah Ahmed, Altuhayni Abdullah Saleh, Abouzed Mohamed Ahmed
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Paediatric Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Cluster, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2023 Apr-Jun;11(2):126-134. doi: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_528_22. Epub 2023 Apr 19.
To determine the prevalence and risk factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Saudi Arabia.
Observational studies (case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional) that reported the prevalence and risk factors of ADHD among Saudis and were published in English were included. In March 2022, a computerized search was conducted on Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus using keywords associated with ADHD and Saudi Arabia. Two-stage screening and data extraction were performed. The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional studies was used for the quality assessment. A random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence. The Comprehensive Meta-analysis program was used for the analysis.
Fourteen studies ( = 455,334 patients) were included. The pooled prevalence of ADHD in the Saudi population was 12.4% (95% CI: 5.4%-26%). For ADHD-Inattentive and ADHD-Hyperactive presentations, the prevalence was 2.9% (95% CI: 0.3%-23.3%) and 2.5% (95% CI: 0.2%-20.5%), respectively. Regarding the combined AD and HD, the prevalence was 2.5% (95% CI: 0.2%-20.5%). Children of women with psychological disorders during pregnancy ( = 0.043), insufficient vitamin B during pregnancy ( = 0.006), allergic reactions ( = 0.032), and disabling symptoms of muscle pain during pregnancy ( = 0.045) were associated with an increased risk of ADHD.
The prevalence of ADHD in the Saudi population is comparable with that in other countries from the Middle East and North Africa region. Careful monitoring of pregnant women, attention to nutritional sufficiency, psychological and emotional support, and avoidance of stressful events may lead to reducing the incidence of ADHD in the offspring.
None.
PROSPERO (Ref no.: CRD42023390040).
确定沙特阿拉伯注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率及危险因素。
纳入以英文发表的、报告沙特人群中ADHD患病率及危险因素的观察性研究（病例对照研究、队列研究和横断面研究）。2022年3月，使用与ADHD和沙特阿拉伯相关的关键词在Medline（通过PubMed）、科学网和Scopus上进行计算机检索。进行两阶段筛选和数据提取。使用美国国立卫生研究院观察性队列和横断面研究质量评估工具进行质量评估。采用随机效应模型估计患病率。使用综合荟萃分析程序进行分析。
纳入14项研究（n = 455,334例患者）。沙特人群中ADHD的合并患病率为12.4%（95%CI：5.4%-26%）。对于注意力不集中型ADHD和多动型ADHD，患病率分别为2.9%（95%CI：0.3%-23.3%）和2.5%（95%CI：0.2%-20.5%）。关于合并的注意力缺陷和多动，患病率为2.5%（95%CI：0.2%-20.5%）。孕期患有心理障碍的女性的子女（P = 0.043）、孕期维生素B不足（P = 0.006）、过敏反应（P = 0.032）以及孕期肌肉疼痛的致残症状（P = 0.045）与ADHD风险增加相关。
沙特人群中ADHD的患病率与中东和北非地区其他国家相当。对孕妇进行仔细监测、关注营养充足、给予心理和情感支持以及避免压力事件可能会降低后代ADHD的发病率。
无。
PROSPERO（注册号：CRD42023390040）
