Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Motor Control and Learning Group-Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Research Centre, Directorate of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 8;18(6):e0286556. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286556. eCollection 2023.
Analyzing and adjusting training programs to increase exercise enjoyment is crucial to achieve long-term adherence and thus also maximize health benefits. The Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) is the first questionnaire specifically developed to monitor exergame enjoyment. To be used in German speaking countries, the EEQ must be translated, cross-culturally adapted, and tested on its psychometric properties.
The aim of this study was to develop (i.e., translate and cross-culturally adapt) the German Version of the EEQ (EEQ-G) and investigate its psychometric properties.
Psychometric properties of the EEQ-G were tested using a cross-sectional study design. Each participant performed two consecutive exergame sessions (i.e., 'preferred' and 'unpreferred' condition) in randomized order and rated the EEQ-G as well as reference questionnaires. Internal consistency of the EEQ-G was assessed by calculating Cronbach's α. Construct validity was assessed by calculating Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (rs) between the scores of the EEQ-G and reference questionnaires. Responsiveness was analyzed by performing a Wilcoxon signed-rank test between the median EEQ-G scores of the two conditions.
Fourty-three healthy older adults (HOA; mean age = 69.4 ± 4.9 years; 53.5% females) were included. Cronbach's α of the EEQ-G was 0.80. The rs values between the EEQ-G and reference questionnaire scores for intrinsic motivation, game enjoyment, physical activity enjoyment, and external motivation were 0.198 (p = 0.101), 0.684 (p < 0.001), 0.277 (p = 0.036), and 0.186 (p = 0.233), respectively. The EEQ-G was rated higher in the 'preferred' than the 'unpreferred' condition (p < 0.001, r = 0.756).
The EEQ-G has high internal consistency and is responsive to changes in exergame enjoyment. The highly skewed data with ceiling effects in some of the reference questionnaires deem the construct validity of the EEQ-G to be inconclusive and thus in need of further evaluation.
分析和调整训练计划以增加运动享受对于实现长期坚持至关重要，从而最大限度地提高健康益处。Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire（EEQ）是专门开发用于监测健身游戏享受的第一个问卷。为了在德语国家使用，EEQ 必须进行翻译、跨文化调整，并对其心理测量特性进行测试。
本研究的目的是开发（即翻译和跨文化调整）EEQ 的德文版本（EEQ-G），并研究其心理测量特性。
使用横断面研究设计测试 EEQ-G 的心理测量特性。每个参与者以随机顺序连续进行两次健身游戏课程（即“首选”和“不首选”条件），并对 EEQ-G 以及参考问卷进行评分。EEQ-G 的内部一致性通过计算 Cronbach's α 来评估。通过计算 EEQ-G 得分与参考问卷得分之间的 Spearman 秩相关系数（rs）来评估结构效度。通过对两种条件下 EEQ-G 中位数得分进行 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验来分析反应性。
纳入了 43 名健康老年人（HOA；平均年龄=69.4±4.9 岁；53.5%女性）。EEQ-G 的 Cronbach's α 为 0.80。EEQ-G 与参考问卷的内在动机、游戏享受、身体活动享受和外在动机得分之间的 rs 值分别为 0.198（p=0.101）、0.684（p<0.001）、0.277（p=0.036）和 0.186（p=0.233）。EEQ-G 在“首选”条件下的评分高于“不首选”条件（p<0.001，r=0.756）。
EEQ-G 具有较高的内部一致性，并且对健身游戏享受的变化有反应。一些参考问卷中高度偏态的数据存在天花板效应，使得 EEQ-G 的结构效度不确定，因此需要进一步评估。
