Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care (IMIT), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Nutrients. 2023 May 29;15(11):2532. doi: 10.3390/nu15112532.
With the increasing adoption of plant-based diets in the United States, more and more individuals replace cow milk with plant-based milk alternatives. Soy milk is a commonly used cow milk substitute, which is characterized by a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fibers. Despite these favorable characteristics, little is known about the current prevalence of soy milk consumption the United States. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) to assess soy milk usage in the United States and identified potential predictors for its consumption in the US general population. The proportion of individuals reporting soy milk consumption in the NHANES 2015-2016 cycle was 2%, and 1.54% in the NHANES 2017-2020 cycle. Non-Hispanic Asian and Black ethnicities (as well as other Hispanic and Mexican American ethnicities in the 2017-2020 cycle) significantly increased the odds for soy milk consumption. While a college degree and weekly moderate physical activity were associated with significantly higher odds for consuming soy milk (OR: 2.21 and 2.36, respectively), sex was not an important predictor. In light of the putative health benefits of soy milk and its more favorable environmental impact as compared to cow milk, future investigations should attempt to identify strategies that may help promote its consumption in selected populations.
随着植物性饮食在美国的日益普及，越来越多的人用植物奶代替牛奶。豆浆是一种常用的牛奶替代品，其特点是多不饱和脂肪酸和纤维含量较高。尽管具有这些有利的特点，但人们对美国目前豆浆消费的流行程度知之甚少。我们使用了来自国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据来评估美国豆浆的使用情况，并确定了美国普通人群消费豆浆的潜在预测因素。在 NHANES 2015-2016 周期中，报告饮用豆浆的个体比例为 2%，在 NHANES 2017-2020 周期中为 1.54%。非西班牙裔亚裔和非裔（以及 2017-2020 周期中的其他西班牙裔和墨西哥裔美国人）显著增加了饮用豆浆的几率。虽然大学学历和每周适度的体育活动与饮用豆浆的几率显著增加（OR：分别为 2.21 和 2.36），但性别并不是一个重要的预测因素。鉴于豆浆可能带来的健康益处及其对环境的影响优于牛奶，未来的研究应尝试确定可能有助于促进某些人群消费豆浆的策略。
