Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 9;15(12):2690. doi: 10.3390/nu15122690.
The association between serum vitamin D levels and urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is unclear. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationships between different vitamin D levels and the likelihood of UTI in children. Online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, were searched up to 6 February 2023 for studies based on the inclusion criteria. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and Odds Ratios (ORs), along with their 95% confidence intervals (CI), were calculated, and the random-effects model was used for analysis. Twelve case-control studies and one cross-sectional study (839 children with UTI and 929 controls) were included. We found that children with UTI had lower levels of serum vitamin D than healthy controls (WMD: -7.730, 95% CI: -11.57, -3.89; < 0.001). Low vitamin D levels were significantly associated with UTI in children (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.55, 5.05; = 0.001). The likelihood of children having a UTI significantly increased when their serum vitamin D level was less than 20 ng/mL (OR: 5.49, 95% CI: 1.12, 27.04; = 0.036). Therefore, vitamin D level, especially when less than 20 ng/mL, is a risk factor in UTI.
血清维生素 D 水平与儿童尿路感染（UTI）之间的关系尚不清楚。我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估不同维生素 D 水平与儿童 UTI 发生可能性之间的关系。截至 2023 年 2 月 6 日，我们在线数据库（包括 Web of Science、PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane Library）中搜索了符合纳入标准的研究。计算了加权均数差（WMD）和优势比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI），并采用随机效应模型进行分析。纳入了 12 项病例对照研究和 1 项横断面研究（839 例 UTI 患儿和 929 例对照）。我们发现，患有 UTI 的儿童血清维生素 D 水平低于健康对照者（WMD：-7.730，95%CI：-11.57，-3.89； < 0.001）。低维生素 D 水平与儿童 UTI 显著相关（OR：2.80；95%CI：1.55，5.05； = 0.001）。当儿童血清维生素 D 水平低于 20ng/ml 时，他们患 UTI 的可能性显著增加（OR：5.49，95%CI：1.12，27.04； = 0.036）。因此，维生素 D 水平，尤其是低于 20ng/ml 时，是 UTI 的一个危险因素。
