Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 29;13(1):10566. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37036-w.
Emerging evidence suggests that plant-based fiber-rich diets improve ageing-associated health by fostering a healthier gut microbiome and microbial metabolites. However, such effects and mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary pulses remain underexplored. Herein, we examine the prebiotic effects of dietary pulses-derived resistant starch (RS) on gut metabolome in older (60-week old) mice carrying a human microbiome. Gut metabolome and its association with microbiome are examined after 20-weeks feeding of a western-style diet (control; CTL) fortified (5% w/w) with RS from pinto beans (PTB), black-eyed-peas (BEP), lentils (LEN), chickpeas (CKP), or inulin (INU; reference control). NMR spectroscopy-based untargeted metabolomic analysis yield differential abundance linking phenotypic differences in specific metabolites among different RS groups. LEN and CKP increase butyrate, while INU promotes propionate. Conversely, bile acids and cholesterol are reduced in prebiotic groups along with suppressed choline-to-trimethylamine conversion by LEN and CKP, whereas amino acid metabolism is positively altered. Multi-omics microbiome-metabolome interactions reveal an association of beneficial metabolites with the Lactobacilli group, Bacteroides, Dubosiella, Parasutterella, and Parabacteroides, while harmful metabolites correlate with Butyricimonas, Faecalibaculum, Colidextribacter, Enterococcus, Akkermansia, Odoribacter, and Bilophila. These findings demonstrate the functional effects of pulses-derived RS on gut microbial metabolism and their beneficial physiologic responses in an aged host.
新出现的证据表明，富含植物纤维的饮食通过促进更健康的肠道微生物组和微生物代谢物来改善与衰老相关的健康。然而，膳食纤维中抗性淀粉对肠道微生物组的影响和作用机制仍未得到充分探索。在此，我们研究了饮食中豆类抗性淀粉（RS）对携带人类微生物组的老年（60 周龄）小鼠肠道代谢组的益生元作用。在给与西方饮食（对照；CTL）强化（5%w/w）20 周后，用来自斑豆（PTB）、黑眼豆（BEP）、小扁豆（LEN）、鹰嘴豆（CKP）或菊粉（INU；参考对照）的 RS 喂养后，我们检查了肠道代谢组及其与微生物组的关系。基于 NMR 光谱的非靶向代谢组学分析产生了与不同 RS 组之间特定代谢物表型差异相关的差异丰度。LEN 和 CKP 增加了丁酸，而 INU 促进了丙酸。相反，在益生元组中，胆汁酸和胆固醇减少，同时 LEN 和 CKP 抑制了胆碱向三甲胺的转化，而氨基酸代谢则被正向改变。多组学微生物组-代谢组相互作用揭示了有益代谢物与乳杆菌属、拟杆菌属、Dubosiella、Parasutterella 和 Parabacteroides 之间的关联，而有害代谢物与 Butyricimonas、Faecalibaculum、Colidextribacter、Enterococcus、Akkermansia、Odoribacter 和 Bilophila 相关。这些发现表明豆类 RS 对肠道微生物代谢的功能影响及其在老年宿主中的有益生理反应。
