Alizadeh Mohammadreza, Tanwar Manoj, Sarrami Amir H, Shahidi Ramin, Singhal Aparna, Sotoudeh Houman
Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Radiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA.
Psychiatry Investig. 2023 Jul;20(7):583-592. doi: 10.30773/pi.2022.0336. Epub 2023 Jul 7.
Psychiatric disorders remain one of the most debilitating conditions; however, most patients are never diagnosed and do not seek treatment. Despite its massive burden on modern society and the health system, many hurdles prevent proper diagnosis and management of these disorders. The diagnosis is primarily based on clinical symptoms, and efforts to find appropriate biomarkers have not been practical. Through the past years, researchers have put a tremendous effort into finding biomarkers in "omics" fields: genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics. This article reviews the evolving field of radiomics and its role in diagnosing psychiatric disorders as the sixth potential "omics." The first section of this paper elaborates on the definition of radiomics and its potential to provide a detailed structural study of the brain. Following that, we have provided the latest promising results of this novel approach in a broad range of psychiatric disorders. Radiomics fits well within the concept of psychoradiology. Besides volumetric analysis, radiomics takes advantage of many other features. This technique may open a new field in psychiatry for diagnosing and classifying psychiatric disorders and treatment response prediction in the era of precision and personalized medicine. The initial results are encouraging, but radiomics in psychiatry is still in its infancy. Despite the extensive burden of psychiatric disorders, there are very few published studies in this field, with small patient populations. The lack of prospective multi-centric studies and heterogeneity of studies in design are the significant barriers against the clinical adaptation of radiomics in psychoradiology.
精神疾病仍然是最使人衰弱的病症之一；然而，大多数患者从未得到诊断，也未寻求治疗。尽管精神疾病给现代社会和卫生系统带来了巨大负担，但许多障碍阻碍了对这些疾病的正确诊断和管理。诊断主要基于临床症状，寻找合适生物标志物的努力一直未取得实际成效。在过去几年里，研究人员在“组学”领域投入了巨大努力，包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和表观基因组学，以寻找生物标志物。本文回顾了放射组学这一不断发展的领域及其作为第六种潜在“组学”在精神疾病诊断中的作用。本文第一部分阐述了放射组学的定义及其对大脑进行详细结构研究的潜力。随后，我们提供了这种新方法在广泛精神疾病中的最新有前景的结果。放射组学非常符合精神放射学的概念。除了体积分析外，放射组学还利用了许多其他特征。在精准和个性化医疗时代，这项技术可能会在精神病学领域开辟一个用于诊断和分类精神疾病以及预测治疗反应的新领域。初步结果令人鼓舞，但精神病学中的放射组学仍处于起步阶段。尽管精神疾病负担沉重，但该领域发表的研究很少，患者群体规模也小。缺乏前瞻性多中心研究以及研究设计的异质性是阻碍放射组学在精神放射学中临床应用的重大障碍。
