Freedman M, Oscar-Berman M
Arch Neurol. 1986 Sep;43(9):886-90. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1986.00520090026011.
Experimental paradigms adopted from animal models were used to contrast the functional anatomy of frontal systems involved in Alzheimer's disease and the dementia of Parkinson's disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease with dementia were compared with patients with Alzheimer's disease, and nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease, and normal controls. The tasks administered, delayed alternation and delayed response (DR), are sensitive to frontal system damage. Different aspects of each task are mediated by separate frontosubcortical neuronal networks. Patients with Parkinson's disease with dementia were significantly impaired only on DR, whereas patients with Alzheimer's disease were impaired on DR and delayed alternation, even though both groups were equated for severity of dementia. Although dysfunction in the frontal lobes, and/or their subcortical connections, is implicated in both Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, dorsolateral frontal systems appear primarily impaired in Parkinson's disease, whereas dorsolateral frontal impairment combined with other regions, possibly orbitofrontal, are prominent in Alzheimer's disease.
采用来自动物模型的实验范式，对比阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病性痴呆中涉及的额叶系统的功能解剖结构。将帕金森病性痴呆患者与阿尔茨海默病患者、非痴呆帕金森病患者及正常对照进行比较。所实施的任务，即延迟交替和延迟反应（DR），对额叶系统损伤敏感。每个任务的不同方面由不同的额颞叶神经元网络介导。帕金森病性痴呆患者仅在DR任务上有显著损伤，而阿尔茨海默病患者在DR和延迟交替任务上均有损伤，尽管两组痴呆严重程度相当。虽然额叶及其颞叶连接功能障碍在帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病中均有涉及，但背外侧额叶系统在帕金森病中似乎主要受损，而背外侧额叶损伤与其他区域（可能是眶额叶）联合损伤在阿尔茨海默病中较为突出。
